University of British Columbia Okanagan, BC, Canada V1V 1V7.
Nurs Philos. 2010 Jan;11(1):15-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-769X.2009.00420.x.
North American society has undergone a period of sacralization where ideas of spirituality have increasingly been infused into the public domain. This sacralization is particularly evident in the nursing discourse where it is common to find claims about the nature of persons as inherently spiritual, about what a spiritually healthy person looks like and about the environment as spiritually energetic and interconnected. Nursing theoretical thinking has also used claims about the nature of persons, health, and the environment to attempt to establish a unified ontology for the discipline. However, despite this common ground, there has been little discussion about the intersections between nursing philosophic thinking and the spirituality in nursing discourse, or about the challenges of adopting a common view of these claims within a spiritually pluralist society. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the call for ontological unity within nursing philosophic thinking in the context of the sacralization of a diverse society. I will begin with a discussion of secularization and sacralization, illustrating the diversity of beliefs and experiences that characterize the current trend towards sacralization. I will then discuss the challenges of a unified ontological perspective, or closed world view, for this diversity, using examples from both a naturalistic and a unitary perspective. I will conclude by arguing for a unified approach within nursing ethics rather than nursing ontology.
北美社会经历了一个神圣化的时期，精神观念越来越多地融入公共领域。这种神圣化在护理话语中尤为明显，人们普遍认为人的本质是天生具有精神性的，关于精神健康的人是什么样子的，以及关于环境的精神能量和相互联系的说法。护理理论思维也使用了关于人的本质、健康和环境的说法，试图为该学科建立一个统一的本体论。然而，尽管有这些共同点，但很少有人讨论护理哲学思维与护理话语中的精神性之间的交叉，也很少有人讨论在一个精神多元化的社会中采用这些说法的共同观点所面临的挑战。本文的目的是在多元化社会的神圣化背景下讨论护理哲学思维中对本体论统一的呼吁。我将首先讨论世俗化和神圣化，说明当前神圣化趋势的特点是信仰和经验的多样性。然后，我将从自然主义和整体主义的角度，讨论统一的本体论观点或封闭的世界观对这种多样性的挑战。最后，我将主张在护理伦理学中而不是在护理本体论中采取统一的方法。
