Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA.
Toxicol Mech Methods. 2006;16(5):275-80. doi: 10.1080/15376520500195566.
Fleas, ticks, and mites are a major problem in many areas of the country for pet owners, and one treatment option involves the use of dips that contain pesticides. In the present study, dogs were dipped with a commercial phosmet (Imidan(R)) flea dip using the recommended guidelines for four consecutive treatments to determine the residues available for transfer to humans from the fur of the dogs. Twenty-four dogs of various breeds and weights were dipped, and each animal's fur was sampled with cotton gloves by petting for 5 minutes in a 10'' x 4'' area along the upper back before dipping and at 4 hours, and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after dipping. Over the 4 dippings the 4-hour samples had a geometric mean of 2653 mug, and the 1-, 3-, 7-, and 14- day samples had geometric means of 877, 316, 84, and 20 mug, respectively. The samples ranged (in mug) from 80 to 16,794 at 4 hours, 44 to 7028 at 1 day, 1 to 4897 at 3 days, 1 to 2691 at 7 days, and 0.3 to 835 at 14 days. The residues removed by the petting did increase with the subsequent dips, but this was probably due to handler experience. The increase is not attributed to accumulation since there was less than 2% of transferable residue on the dog at 14 days post application. There was no significant inhibition of the plasma cholinesterase in the dogs over the study, suggesting that there was either a very low level of dermal absorption of phosmet or there was rapid detoxication (supported by EPA R 825170-01-0).
跳蚤、蜱虫和螨虫是许多地区宠物主人的一个主要问题，一种治疗选择是使用含有杀虫剂的浸剂。在本研究中，使用推荐的指南连续四次对狗进行了商业磷（Imidan（R））跳蚤浸浴，以确定从狗的皮毛转移到人类的可用残留物。对 24 只不同品种和体重的狗进行了浸浴，在浸浴前和浸浴后 4 小时、1 天、3 天、7 天和 14 天，用宠物手套沿上背部 10'' x 4''区域抚摸 5 分钟，对每只动物的皮毛进行取样。在 4 次浸浴中，4 小时样本的几何平均值为 2653 微克，1 天、3 天、7 天和 14 天样本的几何平均值分别为 877、316、84 和 20 微克。样本范围（微克）为 4 小时内 80 至 16794，1 天内 44 至 7028，3 天内 1 至 4897，7 天内 1 至 2691，14 天内 0.3 至 835。通过抚摸去除的残留物随着随后的浸浴而增加，但这可能是由于处理人员的经验。这种增加并不是由于积累造成的，因为在应用后 14 天，狗身上的可转移残留物不到 2%。在研究过程中，狗的血浆胆碱酯酶没有明显抑制，这表明磷的皮肤吸收率要么非常低，要么存在快速解毒（得到 EPA R 825170-01-0 的支持）。
