Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, 953 College Station Road, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Virology. 2010 Mar 1;398(1):98-108. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.11.044.
Analyses of turkey coronavirus (TCoV), an enteric disease virus that is highly similar to infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) an upper-respiratory tract disease virus in chickens, were conducted to determine the adaptive potential, and genetic changes associated with emergence of this group 3 coronavirus. Strains of TCoV that were pathogenic in poults and nonpathogenic in chickens did not adapt to cause disease in chickens. Comparative genomics revealed two recombination sites that replaced the spike gene in IBV with an unidentified sequence likely from another coronavirus, resulting in cross-species transmission and a pathogenicity shift. Following emergence in turkeys, TCoV diverged to different serotypes through the accumulation of mutations within spike. This is the first evidence that recombination can directly lead to the emergence of new coronaviruses and new coronaviral diseases, emphasizing the importance of limiting exposure to reservoirs of coronaviruses that can serve as a source of genetic material for emerging viruses.
对火鸡冠状病毒（TCoV）进行了分析，该病毒是一种肠道疾病病毒，与鸡的上呼吸道疾病病毒传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）高度相似，以确定与这种 3 组冠状病毒出现相关的适应潜力和遗传变化。在雏鸡中具有致病性而在鸡中无致病性的 TCoV 株不能适应引起鸡的疾病。比较基因组学显示了两个重组位点，用来自另一种冠状病毒的未知序列替代了 IBV 的刺突基因，导致了种间传播和致病性转变。在火鸡中出现后，TCoV 通过在刺突内积累突变而分化为不同的血清型。这是首次有证据表明重组可直接导致新的冠状病毒和新的冠状病毒病的出现，强调了限制接触可作为新型病毒遗传物质来源的冠状病毒的重要性。
