Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Conscious Cogn. 2010 Mar;19(1):321-7. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2009.11.011. Epub 2009 Dec 22.
Mental time travel is the capacity to imagine the autobiographical past and future. Schizotypy is a dimensional measure of psychosis-like traits found to be associated with creativity and imagination. Here, we examine the phenomenological qualities of mental time travel in highly schizotypal individuals. After recollecting past episodes (autobiographical memory) and imagining future events (episodic future thinking), those scoring highly on positive schizotypy reported a greater sense of 'autonoetic awareness,' defined as a greater feeling of mental time travel and re-living/'pre-living' imagined events. Furthermore, in contrast to other sensory domains, imagery of the past and future episodes contained more olfactory detail in these high scorers. The results are discussed in relation to previous reports of anomalous olfactory experiences in schizotypy and heightened vividness of olfactory imagery in post-traumatic stress disorder, for which schizotypy is a risk factor.
心理时间旅行是想象自传体过去和未来的能力。精神分裂症倾向是一种与创造力和想象力相关的精神病特质的维度衡量标准。在这里,我们研究了高度精神分裂症倾向个体的心理时间旅行的现象学质量。在回忆过去的事件(自传体记忆)和想象未来的事件(情节性未来思维)之后,那些在正性精神分裂症倾向量表上得分较高的人报告说,他们有一种更强的“自觉意识”感,这种感觉被定义为对心理时间旅行和重新体验/预先体验想象事件的感觉更强烈。此外,与其他感觉领域相比,这些高分者对过去和未来事件的意象包含更多的嗅觉细节。这些结果与精神分裂症中异常嗅觉体验的先前报告以及创伤后应激障碍中嗅觉意象的生动度增加有关,而精神分裂症倾向是创伤后应激障碍的一个风险因素。