Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada.
J Chromatogr A. 2010 Jun 18;1217(25):4041-60. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.061. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
The primary objective of this review is to discuss recent technological developments in the field of solid-phase microextraction that have enhanced the utility of this sample preparation technique in the field of bioanalysis. These developments include introduction of various new biocompatible coating phases suitable for bioanalysis, such as commercial prototype in vivo SPME devices, as well as the development of sampling interfaces that extend the use of this methodology to small animals such as mice. These new devices permit application of in vivo SPME to a variety of analyses, including pharmacokinetics, bioaccumulation and metabolomics studies, with good temporal and spatial resolution. New calibration approaches have also been introduced to facilitate in vivo studies and provide fast and quantitative results without the need to achieve equilibrium. In combination with the drastic improvement in the analytical sensitivity of modern liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry instrumentation, full potential of in vivo SPME as a sample preparation tool in life sciences can finally be explored. From the instrumentation perspective, SPME was successfully automated in 96-well format for the first time. This opens up new opportunities for high-throughput applications (>1000 samples/day) such as for the determination of unbound and total drug concentrations in complex matrices such as whole blood with no need for sample pretreatment, studies of distribution of drugs in various compartments and/or determination of plasma protein binding and other ligand-receptor binding studies, and this review will summarize the progress in this research area to date.
本次综述的主要目的在于讨论固相微萃取领域的最新技术进展，这些进展提高了该样品前处理技术在生物分析领域的应用价值。这些进展包括引入各种适用于生物分析的新的生物相容涂层相，如商业化的体内固相微萃取装置原型，以及开发采样接口，将该方法扩展到如小鼠等小动物。这些新装置允许将体内固相微萃取应用于多种分析，包括药代动力学、生物积累和代谢组学研究，并具有良好的时空分辨率。还引入了新的校准方法，以促进体内研究并提供快速和定量的结果，而无需达到平衡。结合现代液相色谱-串联质谱仪器分析灵敏度的大幅提高，终于可以挖掘体内固相微萃取作为生命科学样品前处理工具的全部潜力。从仪器的角度来看，首次成功地将固相微萃取自动化应用于 96 孔格式。这为高通量应用（每天>1000 个样品）开辟了新的机会，例如在无需样品预处理的情况下测定全血等复杂基质中的游离和总药物浓度、研究药物在各隔室中的分布和/或测定血浆蛋白结合和其他配体-受体结合研究，本综述将总结该研究领域迄今为止的进展。
