School of Life Science and Technology, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030006, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Apr 15;176(1-3):952-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.132. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
Arsenic is ubiquitous in the environment and is a potential human carcinogen. Its carcinogenicity has been demonstrated in several models. In this study, broad bean (Vicia faba L.) and common onion (Allium cepa L.), two plant species which are commonly used for detecting the genotoxic effects of environmental pollutants, were used to measure possible genotoxic effect of arsenite (0.3-30 mg/l). Present results showed that arsenite (As(III)) induced micronuclei (MN) formation in both Allium and Vicia root tips. MN frequency significantly increased in Vicia root cells exposed to 0.3-10 mg/l arsenite and in Allium root cells exposed to 1-30 mg/l arsenite, which indicated that Vicia root tip cells are more sensitive to arsenite than Allium. Mitotic index (MI) decreased in a concentration-dependent manner and showed significant differences in Vicia/Allium roots among treatments and the control, after exposure to 1-30 mg/l arsenite for at least 4 h. In the present study, MN frequency was positively associated with lipid peroxidation, which indicated that arsenite exposure can induce oxidative stress, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in plant cells. The results also suggested that Vicia/Allium root micronucleus (MN) assays are simple, efficient and reproducible methods for the genotoxicity monitoring of arsenic water contamination.
砷在环境中无处不在，是一种潜在的人类致癌物。它的致癌性已在多个模型中得到证实。在这项研究中，蚕豆（Vicia faba L.）和普通洋葱（Allium cepa L.）这两种常用于检测环境污染物遗传毒性效应的植物物种，被用来测量亚砷酸盐（0.3-30mg/L）可能产生的遗传毒性效应。目前的结果表明，亚砷酸盐（As（III））在洋葱和蚕豆根尖中诱导了微核（MN）的形成。蚕豆根尖细胞在暴露于 0.3-10mg/L 亚砷酸盐和洋葱根尖细胞在暴露于 1-30mg/L 亚砷酸盐时，MN 频率显著增加，这表明蚕豆根尖细胞比洋葱对亚砷酸盐更敏感。有丝分裂指数（MI）呈浓度依赖性下降，在暴露于 1-30mg/L 亚砷酸盐至少 4 小时后，在蚕豆/洋葱根中，处理组与对照组之间存在显著差异。在本研究中，MN 频率与脂质过氧化呈正相关，这表明亚砷酸盐暴露会在植物细胞中诱导氧化应激、细胞毒性和遗传毒性。结果还表明，蚕豆/洋葱根尖微核（MN）试验是一种简单、高效和可重复的方法，可用于监测砷水污染的遗传毒性。
