Britt L D, Dascombe W H, Rodriguez A
Shock Trauma Center, Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, Virginia.
Surg Clin North Am. 1991 Apr;71(2):345-70. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)45384-3.
Diagnosing hypothermia requires a high index of suspicion. Restoring lost heat with careful attention to hemodynamics usually results in complete recovery. Frostbite is best treated by physicians who are cognizant of the pathophysiology of cold injury. Although alternative methods of intervention are being tested, rapid rewarming and anti-inflammatory agents are integral to treatment protocols.