Zhao Dazhong
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
Sex Plant Reprod. 2009 Dec;22(4):221-8. doi: 10.1007/s00497-009-0106-3. Epub 2009 Aug 6.
Successful sexual reproduction depends on normal cell differentiation during early anther development in flowering plants. The anther typically has four lobes, each of which contains highly specialized reproductive (microsporocyte) and somatic cells (epidermis, endothecium, middle layer, and tapetum). To date, six leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RLK) have been identified to have roles in regulation of anther cell patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana. EXCESS MICROSPOROCYTES1 (EMS1)/EXTRA SPOROGENOUS CELLS (EXS) and SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES1/2 (SERK1/2) signal the differentiation of the tapetum. BARELY ANY MERISTEM1/2 (BAM1/2) defines anther somatic cell layers, including the endothecium, middle layer, and tapetum. Moreover, RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE2 (RPK2) is required for the differentiation of middle layer cells. In addition to process of anther cell differentiation, conserved regulation of anther cell differentiation in different plant species, this review mainly discusses how these receptor-like kinases and other regulators work together to control anther cell fate determination in Arabidopsis.
成功的有性生殖依赖于开花植物花药早期发育过程中的正常细胞分化。花药通常有四个叶瓣，每个叶瓣都包含高度特化的生殖细胞（小孢子母细胞）和体细胞（表皮、内皮、中层和绒毡层）。迄今为止，已鉴定出六种富含亮氨酸重复序列的受体样蛋白激酶（LRR-RLK）在拟南芥花药细胞模式调控中发挥作用。过量小孢子母细胞1（EMS1）/额外孢子细胞（EXS）和体细胞胚胎发生受体样激酶1/2（SERK1/2）调控绒毡层的分化。几乎没有分生组织1/2（BAM1/2）界定花药体细胞层，包括内皮、中层和绒毡层。此外，受体样蛋白激酶2（RPK2）是中层细胞分化所必需的。除了花药细胞分化过程外，不同植物物种中花药细胞分化的保守调控，本综述主要讨论这些受体样激酶和其他调节因子如何共同作用以控制拟南芥花药细胞命运的决定。
