West Roger W
Oklahoma College of Optometry, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74464, USA.
Optom Vis Sci. 2010 Feb;87(2):E112-9. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181ca345b.
The judged direction of side gaze from a straight head is known to be biased from its true direction. This study reports the specific biases in the perceived direction of gaze from right, left, or both eyes when targets are in the plane of the observer or in a plane in front of the observer. Theories are discussed about the ocular cues that are used to determine the perceived direction of gaze.
Two sets of 16 observers judged the direction of gaze from each of two models whose LCD-imaged heads gazed toward points that were either on the plane of the observers' faces or on a plane that was midway between the models and observers.
For both distant and near targets, straight monocular gaze from the right and left eyes appeared to be mildly exotropic, as expected from the positive angle kappa of the models, but straight binocular gaze appeared orthotropic. However, when binocular gaze was toward the side, the perceived direction of gaze differed significantly between the two eyes, and for this condition, the perception of binocular gaze followed that of the abducting eye.
When the perceived directions of monocular gaze from the two eyes do not agree, the perceived direction of binocular gaze resolves this conflict by matching that of the abducting eye.
已知从正前方头部判断的侧视方向会偏离其真实方向。本研究报告了当目标位于观察者平面或观察者前方平面时，右眼、左眼或双眼注视的感知方向的具体偏差。讨论了用于确定注视感知方向的眼部线索的相关理论。
两组16名观察者判断两个模型中每个模型的注视方向，模型的液晶成像头部注视的点要么在观察者面部平面上，要么在模型与观察者之间的中间平面上。
对于远处和近处目标，正如模型的正kappa角所预期的那样，右眼和左眼的单眼直视似乎有轻度外斜视，但双眼直视似乎是正位的。然而，当双眼注视向一侧时，两只眼睛的注视感知方向有显著差异，在这种情况下，双眼注视的感知遵循外展眼的感知。
当两只眼睛的单眼注视感知方向不一致时，双眼注视的感知方向通过与外展眼的感知方向匹配来解决这种冲突。
