Vaughan J, Rosenbaum D A, Harp C J, Loukopoulos L D, Engelbrecht S
Department of Psychology, Hamilton College.
J Mot Behav. 1998 Sep;30(3):273-84. doi: 10.1080/00222899809601342.
In this study, a model of movement planning (Rosenbaum, Engelbrecht, Bushe, & Loukopoulos, 1993a, 1993b; Rosenbaum, Loukopoulos, Meulenbroek, Vaughan, & Engelbrecln, 1995), in which movements are generated on the basis of the efficacy of different possible goal postures, was tested. The model predicts which limb segments will be used and how the segments will be combined in reaching. The model's predictions were compared with observations from a study in which seated participants reached for targets in a sagittal plane, using the hip, shoulder, and elbow. Estimates of 4 free parameters-an expense factor for each of the 2 contributing joints, and a 4th parameter that specified the relative weight of spatial accuracy versus effort minimization, were used for fitting the model to the observed joint angles. The model accounted for 96% of the variance of the observed joint angles and did a better job accounting for the data than several alternative models. A key new finding was that balance constraints play a more important role in determining joint contributions than was previously recognized.
在本研究中，对一种运动规划模型（罗森鲍姆、恩格尔布雷希特、布什和卢科普洛斯，1993a，1993b；罗森鲍姆、卢科普洛斯、梅伦布罗克、沃恩和恩格尔布雷希特，1995）进行了测试，该模型中运动是基于不同可能目标姿势的效能而产生的。该模型预测将使用哪些肢体节段以及这些节段在伸手够物时将如何组合。该模型的预测结果与一项研究的观察结果进行了比较，在该研究中，坐着的参与者在矢状面内使用髋部、肩部和肘部伸手够取目标。使用4个自由参数的估计值——两个起作用关节各自的一个代价因子，以及一个指定空间精度与努力最小化相对权重的第4个参数，将模型拟合到观察到的关节角度。该模型解释了观察到的关节角度方差的96%，并且在解释数据方面比几个替代模型做得更好。一个关键的新发现是，平衡约束在确定关节贡献方面所起的作用比之前认识到的更为重要。
