Department of Economics, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey.
Percept Mot Skills. 2009 Oct;109(2):531-45. doi: 10.2466/PMS.109.2.531-545.
The relationships between economic conditions, cultural characteristics, personality dimensions, intelligence scores, and road-traffic accident mortality rates were investigated in 30 member and five accession countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Economic indicators included the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the unemployment rate, and the Gini index. Cultural variables included five Hofstede's cultural dimensions, seven Schwartz cultural value dimensions, NEO-PI-R scales, and the intelligence quotient (IQ). The results showed positive associations between favorable economic conditions (high income per capita, high employment rate, and low income inequality) and high traffic safety. Countries with higher road-traffic accident fatality rates were characterized by higher power distance and uncertainty avoidance as well as embeddedness and emphasis on social hierarchy. Countries with lower road-traffic accident fatality rates were more individualistic, egalitarian, and emphasized autonomy of individuals. Conscientiousness (from NEO-PI-R) and IQ correlated negatively with road-traffic accident fatalities.
本研究调查了经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的 30 个成员国和 5 个加入国的经济状况、文化特征、人格维度、智力得分与道路交通死亡率之间的关系。经济指标包括人均国内生产总值（GDP）、失业率和基尼指数。文化变量包括霍夫斯泰德的五个文化维度、施瓦茨的七个文化价值维度、大五人格量表（NEO-PI-R）和智商（IQ）。结果表明，有利的经济条件（高人均收入、高就业率和低收入不平等）与高交通安全水平呈正相关。道路交通死亡率较高的国家具有较高的权力距离和回避不确定性，以及较强的嵌入性和对社会等级制度的重视。道路交通死亡率较低的国家则更加个人主义、平等主义，强调个人自主性。大五人格量表中的尽责性（Conscientiousness）和智商与道路交通死亡呈负相关。
