Faculty of Chemistry, Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Belgrade, PO Box 51, Belgrade, 11158, Serbia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Dec;171(1-4):229-48. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1274-1. Epub 2009 Dec 29.
Thirty-five alluvial sediments of the River Danube and 12 groundwater samples were taken within the Pančevo Oil Refinery (Serbia). The results for groundwater samples exceed European primary drinking water standards for Fe (obtained results, >200 μg/l) and Mn (obtained results, >50 μg/l), while the levels of the trace metals are below the thresholds for drinking water quality. Sediments were treated by sequential extraction procedure with five different solutions, each having a higher extraction capacity than the previous one. We also wanted to determine the possible relationships among trace metals and between sediment properties and elemental concentrations. These solutions partitioned metals into CH(3)COONH(4) extractable (F1); HCl carbonate extractable and NH(2)OH·HCl easily reducible (F2); (NH(4))(2)C(2)O(4)/H(2)C(2)O(4) moderately reducible (F3); H(2)O(2)-HNO(3) organic/sulfide extractable fractions (F4); and HCl acid-soluble residue (F5). The sum of trace metals Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn associated with the first two fractions (exchangeable, carbonate, and easily reducible) is significant and extremely important because it represents the proportion of heavy metals that can be easily remobilized by changes in environmental conditions such as pH, redox potential, salinity, etc. Sediments located nearer the groundwater flow are exposed to stronger groundwater fluctuation and had a higher quantity of amorphous and less stable substrates of trace metals. Principal component analysis was used to understand and visualize the associations between the trace metals and certain geological forms within analyzed sediments. The observed association between Cr with total sulfur and Mn from the acid-soluble residue could indicate that Cr is in the form of reduced, less toxic Cr(III), which is from the ecochemical point of view very important.
在潘切沃炼油厂（塞尔维亚）采集了 35 份多瑙河冲积沉积物和 12 份地下水样本。地下水样本的结果超过了欧洲主要饮用水标准中对铁（得出的结果，>200μg/l）和锰（得出的结果，>50μg/l）的规定，而痕量金属的含量低于饮用水质量的阈值。沉积物采用连续提取程序用五种不同的溶液进行处理，每种溶液的提取能力都比前一种更强。我们还希望确定痕量金属之间以及沉积物特性和元素浓度之间的可能关系。这些溶液将金属分为乙酸铵可提取的（F1）；盐酸碳酸盐可提取且 NH2OH·HCl 易还原的（F2）；（NH4）2C2O4/H2C2O4 可中度还原的（F3）；H2O2-HNO3 有机/硫化物可提取的（F4）；和盐酸可溶解的残渣（F5）。与前两个部分（可交换的、碳酸盐的和易还原的）相关的 Ni、Pb、Cu 和 Zn 等痕量金属的总和非常重要，因为它代表了重金属的比例，这些重金属可以通过环境条件的变化（如 pH 值、氧化还原电位、盐度等）轻易地重新迁移。靠近地下水流动的沉积物更容易受到地下水波动的影响，并且具有更多的无定形和不太稳定的痕量金属基质。主成分分析用于理解和可视化分析沉积物中痕量金属与某些地质形态之间的关系。观察到 Cr 与酸可溶残渣中的总硫和 Mn 之间的相关性表明，Cr 是以还原态、毒性较低的 Cr（III）的形式存在，从生态化学的角度来看，这是非常重要的。
