Institut for Pharmazeutische Biologie der Rheinischen Friedrich Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 6, D 53115 Bonn, Germany.
J Nat Prod. 2010 Jan;73(1):86-92. doi: 10.1021/np9005019.
Products prepared from Ginkgo biloba are top-selling phytopharmaceuticals especially in Europe and major botanical dietary supplements in the United States. In European medicine, G. biloba medications are used to improve memory, to treat neuronal disorders such as tinnitus or intermittent claudication, and to improve brain metabolism and peripheral blood flow. The whole array of indications is reflected by a number of defined natural product constituents in G. biloba. The most well-known ones are flavonoids and terpene lactones, but they also include allergenic and toxic compounds such as ginkgotoxin (1). Consequently, there are reports attributing beneficial as well as adverse effects to G. biloba products. The present paper summarizes recent experiences with G. biloba and its derived products and explains why their restricted use is recommended.
银杏叶制剂是最畅销的植物药，尤其在欧洲，也是美国主要的植物性膳食补充剂。在欧洲医学中，银杏叶药物用于改善记忆，治疗神经元疾病，如耳鸣或间歇性跛行，并改善大脑代谢和外周血流。一系列的适应症反映了银杏叶中的一些特定的天然产物成分。最著名的是类黄酮和萜内酯，但它们也包括过敏原和有毒化合物，如银杏毒素 (1)。因此，有报告将有益和不良反应归因于银杏叶产品。本文总结了银杏叶及其衍生产品的最新经验，并解释了为什么建议限制其使用。
