College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
College of Food Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, Jiangsu, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Jan 26;13(2):95. doi: 10.3390/toxins13020095.
seeds are wildly used in the food and medicine industry. It has been found that 4'--methylpyridoxine (MPN) is responsible for the poisoning caused by seeds. The objective of this study was to explore and optimize the extraction method of MPN from seeds, and investigate its toxic effect on human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and the potential related mechanisms. The results showed that the extraction amount of MPN was 1.933 μg/mg, when extracted at 40 °C for 100 min, with the solid-liquid ratio at 1:10. MPN inhibited the proliferation of GES-1 cells, for which the inhibition rate was 38.27% when the concentration of MPN was 100 μM, and the IC value was 127.80 μM; meanwhile, the cell cycle was arrested in G2 phase. High concentration of MPN (100 μM) had significant effects on the nucleus of GES-1 cells, and the proportion of apoptotic cells reached 43.80%. Furthermore, the Western blotting analysis showed that MPN could reduce mitochondrial membrane potential by increasing the expression levels of apoptotic proteins Caspase 8 and Bax in GES-1 cells. In conclusion, MPN may induce apoptosis in GES-1 cells, which leads to toxicity in the human body.
种子在食品和医药行业中被广泛应用。研究发现，4’-甲基吡啶（MPN）是导致种子中毒的原因。本研究旨在探索和优化从种子中提取 MPN 的方法，并研究其对人胃上皮细胞（GES-1）的毒性作用及其潜在的相关机制。结果表明，当以 1:10 的固液比在 40°C 下提取 100min 时，MPN 的提取量为 1.933μg/mg。MPN 抑制 GES-1 细胞的增殖，当 MPN 浓度为 100μM 时，抑制率为 38.27%，IC 值为 127.80μM；同时，细胞周期被阻滞在 G2 期。高浓度的 MPN（100μM）对 GES-1 细胞的细胞核有明显影响，凋亡细胞的比例达到 43.80%。此外，Western blot 分析表明，MPN 可通过增加 GES-1 细胞中凋亡蛋白 Caspase 8 和 Bax 的表达水平来降低线粒体膜电位。综上所述，MPN 可能诱导 GES-1 细胞凋亡，从而导致人体毒性。
