低锌状态：老年人肺炎的新危险因素？
Low zinc status: a new risk factor for pneumonia in the elderly?
机构信息
Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, the Nutrition/Infection Unit, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
出版信息
Nutr Rev. 2010 Jan;68(1):30-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00253.x.
Low zinc status may be a risk factor for pneumonia in the elderly. This special article reviews the magnitude of the problem of pneumonia (its prevalence, morbidity, and mortality) in the elderly, pneumonia's etiology, and the dysregulation of the immune system associated with increasing age. In addition, recent evidence from the literature is presented demonstrating that low zinc status (commonly reported in the elderly) impairs immune function, decreases resistance to pathogens, and is associated with increased incidence and duration of pneumonia, increased use and duration of antimicrobial treatment, and increased overall mortality in the elderly. Inadequate stores of zinc might, therefore, be a risk factor for pneumonia in the elderly. Randomized, double-blind, controlled studies are needed to determine the efficacy of zinc supplementation as a potential low-cost intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia in this vulnerable population.
锌缺乏可能是老年人肺炎的一个危险因素。这篇专题文章回顾了老年人肺炎（其流行率、发病率和死亡率）的严重程度、肺炎的病因以及与年龄增长相关的免疫系统失调。此外，本文还介绍了来自文献的最新证据，表明锌缺乏（老年人常见现象）会损害免疫功能、降低对病原体的抵抗力，并与老年人肺炎的发病率和持续时间增加、抗生素治疗的使用和持续时间增加以及总死亡率增加有关。因此，锌摄入不足可能是老年人肺炎的一个危险因素。需要开展随机、双盲、对照研究，以确定锌补充作为一种降低该脆弱人群因肺炎导致发病率和死亡率的潜在低成本干预措施的疗效。
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