Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Feb 15;171(4):436-46. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp399. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
The authors examined the association between the intake of different dairy products and the risk of bladder cancer in 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years participating in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Dairy product intake was assessed in 1986 by using a 150-item food frequency questionnaire. The cohort was followed for 16.3 years, and 1,549 incident cases of bladder cancer were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied with a case-cohort approach by using the follow-up data of a random subcohort (n = 5,000). Multivariate hazard ratio estimates comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of total dairy intake were 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81, 1.27; P(trend) = 0.68). A statistically significant association for fermented milk products was found only for the second quintile (median, 12 g/day) (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.91). Compared with nonconsumers, women with 25-75 g/day of butter consumption had a hazard ratio of 1.61 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.50; P(trend) < 0.01). No association was found with cheese, calcium, lactose, or nonfermented dairy intake. These results provide weak evidence that bladder cancer risk is inversely associated with low intake of fermented dairy products and suggest a positive association with butter intake in women.
作者研究了 120852 名 55-69 岁的男性和女性参与的荷兰饮食与癌症队列研究中，不同乳制品的摄入与膀胱癌风险之间的关联。乳制品的摄入量在 1986 年通过使用 150 项食物频率问卷进行评估。该队列随访了 16.3 年，分析了 1549 例膀胱癌新发病例。采用病例-队列方法，使用随机亚队列（n=5000）的随访数据，应用 Cox 比例风险分析。比较总乳制品摄入量最高五分位与最低五分位的多变量危险比估计值为 1.01（95%置信区间（CI）：0.81，1.27；P（趋势）=0.68）。仅发现发酵乳产品与第二五分位（中位数，12 克/天）存在统计学显著相关性（危险比=0.71，95%CI：0.56，0.91）。与非消费者相比，每天食用 25-75 克黄油的女性危险比为 1.61（95%CI：1.03，2.50；P（趋势）<0.01）。与奶酪、钙、乳糖或非发酵乳制品摄入无关。这些结果提供了弱证据表明膀胱癌风险与低摄入发酵乳制品呈负相关，并提示女性摄入黄油与膀胱癌风险呈正相关。
