Nutrition Physiology and Human Nutrition Unit, Institute of Food Science, Centre of Applied Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Feb;91(2):406-12. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28637. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
Nutrition scientists are showing growing interest in the diet patterns of preagricultural (hunter-gatherer) humans. Retrojected preagricultural diets are reportedly predominantly net base producing in contrast to the net acid-producing modern Western diets.
We examined the dietary net acid load [net endogenous acid production (NEAP)] for 229 worldwide historically studied hunter-gatherer societies to determine how differences in plant-to-animal (P:A) dietary subsistence patterns and differences in the percentage of body fat in prey animals affect the NEAP.
With the use of 1) ethnographic data of dietary P:A ratios of hunter-gatherer populations, 2) established computational methods, and 3) knowledge that fat densities of animal foods consumed by hunter-gatherers varied between 3% and 20%, we computed the NEAP for the diets of 229 populations in 4 different models of animal fat densities (model A, 3%; model B, 10%; model C, 15%; model D, 20%).
As P:A ratios decreased from 85:15 to 5:95, the NEAP increased from -178 to +181 mEq/d (model A) and from -185 to +120 mEq/d (models B and C). Approximately 50% of the diets consumed by the 229 worldwide hunter-gatherer populations were net acid producing (models B and C). In model D, 40% of the diets were net acid producing.
Our data confirm that the NEAP of hunter-gatherer diets becomes progressively more positive as P:A ratios decline. The high reliance on animal-based foods of a worldwide sample of historically studied hunter-gatherer populations renders their diets net acid producing in approximately 40-60% of subgroups of P:A ratios. Only further investigations can show the implications of these findings in determining the NEAP of human ancestral diets.
营养科学家对史前（狩猎采集）人类的饮食模式越来越感兴趣。据报道，与现代西方以净酸生成为主的饮食模式相比，史前饮食模式主要是净碱生成的。
我们检查了 229 个全球有历史记载的狩猎采集社会的饮食净酸负荷[净内源性酸生成（NEAP）]，以确定植物与动物（P：A）饮食生存模式的差异以及猎物动物体脂百分比的差异如何影响 NEAP。
使用 1）狩猎采集人群饮食 P：A 比值的民族志数据，2）已建立的计算方法，以及 3）狩猎采集者所食用动物食物的脂肪密度在 3%至 20%之间变化的知识，我们为 4 种不同动物脂肪密度模型（模型 A，3%；模型 B，10%；模型 C，15%；模型 D，20%）下的 229 个人群的饮食计算了 NEAP。
随着 P：A 比值从 85:15 降至 5:95，NEAP 从-178 增至+181 mEq/d（模型 A）和从-185 增至+120 mEq/d（模型 B 和 C）。全球 229 个狩猎采集人群中约有 50%的饮食是净酸生成的（模型 B 和 C）。在模型 D 中，40%的饮食是净酸生成的。
我们的数据证实，随着 P：A 比值的下降，狩猎采集者饮食的 NEAP 逐渐变得更加积极。对全球有历史记载的狩猎采集人群的广泛样本的研究表明，他们的饮食中对动物类食物的高度依赖使得其饮食在大约 40-60%的 P：A 比值亚组中是净酸生成的。只有进一步的研究才能显示这些发现对确定人类祖先饮食的 NEAP 的影响。
