Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Physiol Rev. 2022 Oct 1;102(4):1991-2034. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2022. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary intervention that limits food consumption to a specific time window each day. The effect of TRE on body weight and physiological functions has been extensively studied in rodent models, which have shown considerable therapeutic effects of TRE and important interactions among time of eating, circadian biology, and metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, it is difficult to make firm conclusions regarding the effect of TRE in people because of the heterogeneity in results, TRE regimens, and study populations. In this review, we ) provide a background of the history of meal consumption in people and the normal physiology of eating and fasting; ) discuss the interaction between circadian molecular metabolism and TRE; ) integrate the results of preclinical and clinical studies that evaluated the effects of TRE on body weight and physiological functions; ) summarize other time-related dietary interventions that have been studied in people; and ) identify current gaps in knowledge and provide a framework for future research directions.
限时进食（TRE）是一种饮食干预措施，将每天的食物摄入量限制在特定的时间窗口内。TRE 对体重和生理功能的影响在啮齿动物模型中得到了广泛研究，这些研究表明 TRE 具有相当大的治疗效果，以及进食时间、昼夜节律生物学和代谢稳态之间的重要相互作用。相比之下，由于结果、TRE 方案和研究人群的异质性，很难对 TRE 在人群中的效果得出确切的结论。在这篇综述中，我们）提供了人们饮食消费的历史背景和正常的进食和禁食生理学；）讨论了昼夜节律分子代谢与 TRE 之间的相互作用；）综合了评估 TRE 对体重和生理功能影响的临床前和临床研究结果；）总结了在人群中研究过的其他与时间相关的饮食干预措施；并）确定了当前知识的差距，并为未来的研究方向提供了框架。
