Cawthron Institute, Freshwater, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7001, New Zealand.
Toxicon. 2010 Apr 1;55(4):897-903. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.019. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
In November 2008 a dog died soon after ingesting benthic "algal" mat material from the Waitaki River, New Zealand. Based on a morphological examination of environmental material, the causative organism was putatively identified as the filamentous cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. Two strains (VUW25 and CYN61) were isolated and cultured to enable further taxonomic and cyanotoxin characterisation. Phylogenetic analyses based on a region of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, intergenic spacer (ITS) region and the mcyE gene demonstrated that the species was likely to be a new Planktothrix species that is either benthic or has a biphasic life cycle. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), microcystin-LR, [D-Asp(3), Dha(7)] microcystin-LR, [D-Asp(3)] microcystin-LR, and minor proportions of [D-Asp(3), ADMAdda(5)] microcystin-LhR were identified. This is the first report of [D-Asp(3)] microcystin-LR, [D-Asp(3), Dha(7)] microcystin-LR and an ADMAadda variant in New Zealand. No cylindrospermopsins, saxitoxins or anatoxins were detected. Dog deaths caused by the consumption of cyanobacterial mats containing anatoxins have previously been reported in New Zealand. To our knowledge, however, this is the first instance of a benthic microcystin-producing species causing an animal death in New Zealand.
2008 年 11 月，一只狗在摄入新西兰怀塔基河底部“藻类”垫材料后不久死亡。基于对环境材料的形态学检查，推定致病生物体为丝状蓝藻 Phormidium sp.。分离并培养了两个菌株（VUW25 和 CYN61），以进行进一步的分类学和蓝藻毒素特征描述。基于 16S rRNA 基因序列、基因间间隔区（ITS）和 mcyE 基因的系统发育分析表明，该物种可能是一种新的平裂藻属物种，要么是底栖的，要么具有双相生命周期。使用液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS），鉴定出微囊藻毒素-LR、[D-Asp(3), Dha(7)]微囊藻毒素-LR、[D-Asp(3)]微囊藻毒素-LR 和少量[D-Asp(3), ADMAdda(5)]微囊藻毒素-LhR。这是新西兰首次报道[D-Asp(3)]微囊藻毒素-LR、[D-Asp(3), Dha(7)]微囊藻毒素-LR 和 ADMAadda 变体。未检测到柱孢藻毒素、石房蛤毒素或anatoxins。以前曾报道过新西兰因食用含有anatoxins 的蓝藻垫而导致狗死亡的情况。然而，据我们所知，这是新西兰首例底栖产微囊藻毒素的物种导致动物死亡的情况。
