Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Biomaterials. 2010 Mar;31(8):2034-42. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.11.079. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
Biodistribution of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in more than 25 organs were examined on 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 2 months after a single intravenous (i.v.) injection in rats. Au was rapidly and consistently accumulated in liver (49.4+/-50.4-72.2+/-40.5 ng/g) and spleen (8.4+/-5.0-9.5+/-6.4 ng/g) throughout the entire timeframe of the study (2 months). Significant accumulation of Au in kidney (up to 5.5+/-2.5 ng/g) and testis (up to 0.6+/-0.1 ng/g) occurred from 1 month post-injection when Au level in urine and feces decreased. Significant increase of Au in blood occurred 2 months after injection, coincident with the delayed accumulation in kidney. Au accumulation in lungs was found at 1 day post-injection but decreased within a week. No accumulation of Au was found in the brain. Microarray results of liver and spleen point to significant effects on genes related to detoxification, lipid metabolism, cell cycle, defense response, and circadian rhythm. These results demonstrate that significant biodistribution of Au occurs in the body over 2 months after a single i.v. injection of AuNPs, accompanied by gene expression changes in target organs.
在大鼠单次静脉（i.v.）注射后 1 天、1 周、1 个月和 2 个月，检测了超过 25 个器官中纳米金颗粒（AuNPs）的生物分布。Au 在整个研究期间（2 个月）快速且持续地在肝脏（49.4+/-50.4-72.2+/-40.5ng/g）和脾脏（8.4+/-5.0-9.5+/-6.4ng/g）中积累。从注射后 1 个月开始，Au 在肾脏（高达 5.5+/-2.5ng/g）和睾丸（高达 0.6+/-0.1ng/g）中的积累显著增加，此时尿液和粪便中的 Au 水平下降。注射后 2 个月，血液中的 Au 水平显著增加，与肾脏的延迟积累相吻合。注射后 1 天在肺部发现 Au 积累，但在一周内减少。在大脑中未发现 Au 积累。肝脏和脾脏的基因芯片结果表明，与解毒、脂质代谢、细胞周期、防御反应和昼夜节律相关的基因受到显著影响。这些结果表明，单次静脉注射 AuNPs 后，Au 在体内的生物分布在 2 个月内显著，伴随着靶器官中基因表达的变化。
