Sonavane Ganeshchandra, Tomoda Keishiro, Makino Kimiko
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2008 Oct 15;66(2):274-80. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.07.004. Epub 2008 Jul 15.
Purpose of the present research work was to evaluate the biological distribution of differently size gold nanoparticles (NP) up on intravenous administration in mice. Another objective was to study effect of particle size on biological distribution of gold NP to enable their diverse applications in nanotechnology. Gold NP of different particle sizes, mainly 15, 50, 100 and 200 nm, were synthesized by modifying citrate ion concentration. Synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by SEM and their size distribution was studied by particle size analyzer. Gold NP was suspended in sodium alginate solution (0.5%, w/v) and administered to mice (1g/kg, intravenously) [n=3]. After 24h of administration of gold NP, blood was collected under light ether anesthesia, mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and various tissues/organs were removed. The tissues were then washed with saline, homogenized and lysed with aqua regia. The determination of gold in samples was carried out quantitatively by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). SEM study revealed spherical morphology of gold NP with narrow particle size distribution. Biodistribution study revealed gold NPs of all sizes were mainly accumulated in organs like liver, lung and spleen. The accumulation of gold NP in various tissues was found to be depending on particle size. 15 nm gold NP revealed higher amount of gold and number of particles in all the tissues including blood, liver, lung, spleen, kidney, brain, heart, stomach. Interestingly, 15 and 50 nm gold NP were able to pass blood-brain barrier as evident from gold concentration in brain. Two-hundred nanometers gold NP showed very minute presence in organs including blood, brain, stomach and pancreas. The results revealed that tissue distribution of gold nanoparticles is size-dependent with the smallest 15 nm nanoparticles showing the most widespread organ distribution.
本研究工作的目的是评估不同尺寸的金纳米颗粒（NP）静脉注射到小鼠体内后的生物分布情况。另一个目标是研究颗粒大小对金纳米颗粒生物分布的影响，以便其在纳米技术中有多种应用。通过改变柠檬酸根离子浓度合成了不同粒径的金纳米颗粒，主要为15、50、100和200纳米。合成的金纳米颗粒通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行表征，其尺寸分布通过粒度分析仪进行研究。将金纳米颗粒悬浮在海藻酸钠溶液（0.5%，w/v）中，并静脉注射给小鼠（1g/kg）[n = 3]。在注射金纳米颗粒24小时后，在轻度乙醚麻醉下采集血液，通过颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠，并取出各种组织/器官。然后用生理盐水冲洗组织，匀浆并用水王水裂解。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）对样品中的金进行定量测定。扫描电子显微镜研究显示金纳米颗粒呈球形形态，粒径分布狭窄。生物分布研究表明，所有尺寸的金纳米颗粒主要积聚在肝脏、肺和脾脏等器官中。发现金纳米颗粒在各种组织中的积聚取决于颗粒大小。15纳米的金纳米颗粒在包括血液、肝脏、肺、脾脏、肾脏、大脑、心脏、胃在内的所有组织中显示出更高的金含量和颗粒数量。有趣的是，从大脑中的金浓度可以明显看出，15和50纳米的金纳米颗粒能够穿过血脑屏障。200纳米的金纳米颗粒在包括血液、大脑、胃和胰腺在内的器官中显示出极少的存在。结果表明，金纳米颗粒的组织分布取决于颗粒大小，最小的15纳米纳米颗粒显示出最广泛的器官分布。
