Szmigielski S, Kobus M, Janiak M, Rytko J
Exp Pathol (Jena). 1977;13(6):296-301. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4908(77)80016-1.
WISH cells grown in vitro were pretreated with subcytotoxic concentrations of digitonin, cortisol and purified bacterial toxins -- staphylococcal beta-haemolysin or Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin and irradiated with 3 GHz electromagnetic wave (microwaves) at the field power densities 5 or 40 mW/cm2. At 40 mW/cm2 increase in temperature of the culture medium of about 2-3 degrees C was noted, while at 5 mW/cm2 no detectable increase in temperature was found. Control and pretreated WISH cells after irradiation in the microwave field were used for evaluation of their viability, incorporation of tritiated thymidine, glycine and uridine and level of intracellular cyclic AMP. Irradiation with microwaves resulted in lowering of thymidine and glycine incorporation along with changes in the intracellular amount of cAMP (decrease in cells exposed to 5 mW/cm2 and increase in those exposed to 40 mW/cm2). Under both conditions viability of the cultures was normal. Pretreatment of cells with digitonin or purified bacterial toxins followed by irradiation with microwaves resulted in enhancement of the cytotoxic effect with lowering of cell viability, especially after exposition to power density of 40 mW/cm2. Cortisol led to decrease in 3H-glycine and 3H-uridine incorporation into WISH cells, but did not influence the reaction of the cells to microwave radiation. In view of the results presented it may be concluded that substances injuring cell membranes sensitize cell cultures to electromagnetic radiation of the microwave range and may enhance the specific (non-thermal) effect of microwaves.
体外培养的WISH细胞先用亚细胞毒性浓度的洋地黄皂苷、皮质醇和纯化的细菌毒素（葡萄球菌β-溶血素或产气荚膜梭菌α-毒素）进行预处理，然后分别在5或40 mW/cm²的场功率密度下用3 GHz电磁波（微波）照射。在40 mW/cm²时，培养基温度升高约2 - 3摄氏度，而在5 mW/cm²时，未检测到温度升高。在微波场中照射后，将对照和预处理的WISH细胞用于评估其活力、氚标记胸腺嘧啶核苷、甘氨酸和尿苷的掺入情况以及细胞内环磷酸腺苷水平。微波照射导致胸腺嘧啶核苷和甘氨酸掺入减少，同时细胞内cAMP含量发生变化（暴露于5 mW/cm²的细胞中cAMP减少，暴露于40 mW/cm²的细胞中cAMP增加）。在这两种情况下，培养物的活力均正常。用洋地黄皂苷或纯化的细菌毒素预处理细胞后再进行微波照射，会增强细胞毒性作用，降低细胞活力，尤其是在暴露于40 mW/cm²的功率密度后。皮质醇导致WISH细胞中3H-甘氨酸和3H-尿苷掺入减少，但不影响细胞对微波辐射的反应。鉴于所呈现的结果，可以得出结论，损伤细胞膜的物质会使细胞培养物对微波范围内的电磁辐射敏感，并可能增强微波的特定（非热）效应。
