Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
ASAIO J. 2010 Jan-Feb;56(1):67-72. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181c838ae.
A mock circulation system has been developed to approximate key anatomic features and simulate the pressures and flows of an infant. Pulsatile flow is generated by 10 cc pulsatile ventricles (Utah infant ventricular assist device). Systemic vasculature is mimicked through the use of 3/8" ID bypass tubing with two flexible reservoirs to provide compliance. Vascular resistance, including pulmonary, aortic, and major branches, is controlled via a series of variable pinch clamps. The coronary branch has a dynamic resistor so that the majority of flow occurs during diastole. The system is instrumented to measure key pressures and flows. Right atrial pressure, left atrial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and mean aortic pressure are measured with high-fidelity pressure catheters (Millar Instruments, Houston, TX). Flows are measured by transit time ultrasonic flow probes (Transonic Systems, Ithaca, NY) in the pulmonary artery, aorta, coronary artery, and brachiocephalic artery along with assist device flow. The system can be tuned to create the hemodynamic values of a pediatric patient under normal or heart failure conditions. Once tuned to the desired hemodynamic conditions, the loop may be used to test the performance of various circulatory support systems including the intra-aortic balloon pump, left and right ventricular assist devices, or cardiopulmonary support systems such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
已经开发出了一种模拟循环系统，以近似关键的解剖特征并模拟婴儿的压力和流量。脉动流是通过 10cc 脉动心室（犹他州婴儿心室辅助装置）产生的。通过使用 3/8"内径旁路管和两个柔性储液器来模拟体循环，以提供顺应性。通过一系列可变的夹管来控制血管阻力，包括肺、主动脉和主要分支。冠状动脉分支有一个动态电阻器，以便在舒张期大部分血流发生。该系统配备了测量关键压力和流量的仪器。右心房压、左心房压、肺动脉压和平均主动脉压通过高保真压力导管（密尔沃基仪器公司，休斯顿，TX）进行测量。流量通过经胸超声流量探头（Transonic Systems，伊萨卡，NY）在肺动脉、主动脉、冠状动脉和头臂动脉以及辅助装置流量中进行测量。可以对系统进行调整，以创建正常或心力衰竭条件下儿科患者的血液动力学值。一旦调整到所需的血液动力学条件，该回路可用于测试各种循环支持系统的性能，包括主动脉内球囊泵、左心室和右心室辅助装置，或心肺支持系统，如体外膜氧合。
