Adler Dan, Contal Olivier, Janssens Jean-Paul
Service de pneumologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Rev Med Suisse. 2009 Nov 18;5(226):2329-32, 2334-5.
Specialized and multidisciplinary care is needed for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Respiratory failure secondary to respiratory muscle dysfunction, ineffective cough, weight loss and progressive loss of autonomy should always be sought and explored. Very few tests are needed to assess a patient with ALS: spirometry, blood gases, nocturnal oximetry, cough peak-flow, and follow-up of body weight. Patients should be informed clearly as to the nature and evolution of ALS, and as to the potential benefits and disadvantages associated with each treatment modality in order to be involved in therapeutic decisions. This evidence-based review focuses on respiratory care of patients with ALS.
肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）患者需要专业化的多学科护理。应始终寻找并探究因呼吸肌功能障碍、无效咳嗽、体重减轻和自主能力逐渐丧失而导致的呼吸衰竭。评估ALS患者只需进行很少的检查：肺活量测定、血气分析、夜间血氧饱和度监测、咳嗽峰流速测定以及体重监测。应向患者清楚告知ALS的性质和发展情况，以及每种治疗方式的潜在利弊，以便患者参与治疗决策。这篇基于证据的综述聚焦于ALS患者的呼吸护理。
