青少年的职业和教育愿望与期望：与高中活动和成人教育程度的关联。
Adolescents' occupational and educational aspirations and expectations: links to high school activities and adult educational attainment.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, USA.
出版信息
Dev Psychol. 2010 Jan;46(1):258-65. doi: 10.1037/a0017416.
This longitudinal study explored adolescents' future-oriented cognitions, current activities, and later educational attainment using data from 317 adolescents (55% female; mean age = 14.98 years, SD = 0.85) followed into early adulthood. Aspirations and expectations regarding work and education showed modest stability from year to year. Exploration of the reciprocal relations between these cognitions and adolescents' activities supported both unidirectional and bidirectional effects, with different patterns emerging for aspirations and expectations. In multiple regression analyses, future-oriented cognitions predicted adult educational attainment; follow-up analyses indicated that the effect of adolescents' expectations was partially mediated by participation in extracurricular activities. These results suggest a potentially important influence of adolescents' future-oriented cognitions on their current behavior and future attainments.
这项纵向研究使用了来自 317 名青少年（55%为女性；平均年龄=14.98 岁，标准差=0.85）的数据，探讨了青少年的未来取向认知、当前活动与后期教育成就之间的关系。青少年对工作和教育的期望和预期在逐年变化中显示出一定的稳定性。对这些认知与青少年活动之间的相互关系的探索支持了单向和双向的影响，并且对于期望和预期出现了不同的模式。在多元回归分析中，未来取向的认知预测了成年后的教育成就；后续分析表明，青少年期望的影响部分通过参加课外活动来实现。这些结果表明，青少年的未来取向认知对他们当前的行为和未来的成就可能有重要影响。
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