Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010 Jan;98(1):29-46. doi: 10.1037/a0017539.
Considerable research demonstrates that the depletion of self-regulatory resources impairs performance on subsequent tasks that demand these resources. The current research sought to assess the impact of perceived resource depletion on subsequent task performance at both high and low levels of actual depletion. The authors manipulated perceived resource depletion by having participants 1st complete a depleting or nondepleting task before being presented with feedback that did or did not provide a situational attribution for their internal state. Participants then persisted at a problem-solving task (Experiments 1-2), completed an attention-regulation task (Experiment 3), or responded to a persuasive message (Experiment 4). The findings consistently demonstrated that individuals who perceived themselves as less (vs. more) depleted, whether high or low in actual depletion, were more successful at subsequent self-regulation. Thus, perceived regulatory depletion can impact subsequent task performance-and this impact can be independent of one's actual state of depletion.
大量研究表明，自我调节资源的消耗会降低后续需要这些资源的任务的表现。本研究旨在评估在实际资源消耗的高低水平上，感知到的资源消耗对后续任务表现的影响。作者通过让参与者先完成一项消耗或不消耗资源的任务，然后再提供关于他们内部状态的情境归因反馈，来操纵感知到的资源消耗。参与者随后坚持解决问题的任务（实验 1-2），完成注意调节任务（实验 3），或回应有说服力的信息（实验 4）。研究结果一致表明，无论实际消耗水平高低，自我感觉消耗较少（而非较多）的个体在后续的自我调节中更成功。因此，感知到的调节消耗会影响后续任务的表现——这种影响可以独立于个体的实际消耗状态。
