School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Australia.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2010 Jan;36(1):217-23. doi: 10.1037/a0017680.
Discrimination and recognition are often poorer for other-race than own-race faces. These other-race effects (OREs) have traditionally been attributed to reduced perceptual expertise, resulting from more limited experience, with other-race faces. However, recent findings suggest that sociocognitive factors, such as reduced motivation to individuate other-race faces, may also contribute. If the sociocognitive hypothesis is correct, then it should be possible to alter discrimination and memory performance for identical faces by altering their perceived race. We made identical ambiguous-race morphed faces look either Asian or Caucasian by presenting them in Caucasian or Asian face contexts, respectively. However, this perceived-race manipulation had no effect on either discrimination (Experiment 1) or memory (Experiment 2) for the ambiguous-race faces, despite the presence of the usual OREs in discrimination and recognition of unambiguous Asian and Caucasian faces in our participant population. These results provide no support for the sociocognitive hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
对其他人种的面孔的辨别和识别通常不如对本种族的面孔。这些其他人种效应（OREs）传统上归因于感知专业知识的减少，这是由于与其他人种面孔的经验更有限。然而，最近的发现表明，社会认知因素，例如减少对其他人种面孔进行个体化的动机，也可能有贡献。如果社会认知假设是正确的，那么通过改变他们感知的种族，应该有可能改变对相同面孔的辨别和记忆表现。我们通过分别将相同的模糊种族混合面孔呈现为白种人或亚洲人面孔，使它们看起来是亚洲人或白种人。然而，尽管在我们的参与者群体中，对明确的亚洲和白种人面孔的辨别和识别存在通常的 OREs，但这种感知种族的操纵对模糊种族面孔的辨别（实验 1）或记忆（实验 2）都没有影响。这些结果不支持社会认知假设。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2009 APA，保留所有权利）。
