Allison Robert S, Gillam Barbara J, Palmisano Stephen A
Centre for Vision Research, York University, Canada.
J Vis. 2009 Nov 17;9(12):8.1-11. doi: 10.1167/9.12.8.
Safe and effective locomotion depends critically on judgements of the surface properties of the ground to be traversed. Little is known about the role of binocular vision in surface perception at distances relevant to visually guided locomotion in humans. Programmable arrays of illuminated targets were used to present sparsely textured surfaces with real depth at distances of 4.5 and 9.0 m. Psychophysical measurements of discrimination thresholds demonstrated a clear superiority for stereoscopic over monocular judgments of relative and absolute surface slant. Judgements of surface roughness in particular demonstrated a substantial binocular advantage. Binocular vision is thus shown to directly contribute to judgements of the layout of terrain up to at least 4.5 m, and its smoothness to at least 9.0 m. Hence binocular vision could support moment-to-moment wayfinding and path planning, especially when monocular cues are weak.
安全有效的移动关键取决于对要穿越的地面表面特性的判断。关于双眼视觉在与人类视觉引导移动相关的距离的表面感知中的作用，人们了解甚少。使用可编程的照明目标阵列，在4.5米和9.0米的距离呈现具有真实深度的稀疏纹理表面。辨别阈值的心理物理学测量表明，在相对和绝对表面倾斜的判断上，立体视觉明显优于单眼判断。特别是在表面粗糙度的判断上，双眼视觉优势显著。因此，双眼视觉被证明直接有助于对至少4.5米范围内地形布局的判断，以及对至少9.0米范围内地形平滑度的判断。因此，双眼视觉可以支持即时的寻路和路径规划，尤其是在单眼线索较弱的时候。
