Davidson M H, Dugan L D, Burns J H, Bova J, Story K, Drennan K B
Department of Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago Center for Clinical Research, IL 60607.
JAMA. 1991 Apr 10;265(14):1833-9.
Oat cereals rich in the water-soluble fiber beta-glucan have been studied as a dietary therapy for hypercholesterolemia. To determine the hypocholesterolemic response of beta-glucan in the diet, 156 adults with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels above 4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) or between 3.37 and 4.14 mmol/L (130 and 160 mg/dL) with multiple risk factors were randomized to one of seven groups. Six groups received either oatmeal or oat bran at doses (dry weight) of 28 g (1 oz), 56 g (2 oz), and 84 g (3 oz). A seventh group received 28 g of farina (beta-glucan control). At week 6 of treatment, significant differences were found for both total cholesterol and LDL-C levels among the farina control and the treatment groups who were receiving 84 g of oatmeal, 56 g of oat bran, and 84 g of oat bran, with decreases in LDL-C levels of 10.1%, 15.9%, and 11.5%, respectively. Fifty-six grams of oat bran resulted in significantly greater reductions in LDL-C levels than 56 g of oatmeal. Nutrient analysis shows no difference in dietary fat content between these treatment groups; therefore, the higher beta-glucan content of oat bran most likely explains the significantly greater LDL-C reductions. A dose-dependent reduction in LDL-C levels with oat cereals supports the independent hypocholesterolemic effects of beta-glucan.
富含水溶性纤维β-葡聚糖的燕麦谷物已被研究作为高胆固醇血症的饮食疗法。为了确定饮食中β-葡聚糖的降胆固醇反应，将156名低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平高于4.14 mmol/L（160 mg/dL）或在3.37至4.14 mmol/L（130至160 mg/dL）之间且有多种风险因素的成年人随机分为七组之一。六组分别接受28克（1盎司）、56克（2盎司）和84克（3盎司）剂量（干重）的燕麦片或燕麦麸。第七组接受28克法里纳（β-葡聚糖对照）。在治疗的第6周，发现法里纳对照组与接受84克燕麦片、56克燕麦麸和84克燕麦麸的治疗组之间的总胆固醇和LDL-C水平存在显著差异，LDL-C水平分别降低了10.1%、15.9%和11.5%。56克燕麦麸导致的LDL-C水平降低显著大于56克燕麦片。营养分析表明这些治疗组之间的膳食脂肪含量没有差异；因此，燕麦麸中较高的β-葡聚糖含量很可能解释了LDL-C降低幅度显著更大的原因。燕麦谷物使LDL-C水平呈剂量依赖性降低，这支持了β-葡聚糖独立的降胆固醇作用。
