Servizio di Fisica Sanitaria, Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
Radiol Med. 2010 Apr;115(3):488-98. doi: 10.1007/s11547-010-0484-5. Epub 2010 Jan 7.
This paper illustrates the annual trends in medical radiation exposure due to conventional radiography (CR), computed tomography (CT) and nuclear medicine (NM) procedures of the Emilia-Romagna population from 2001 to 2006.
We gathered information about the type, number and mean doses of CR, CT, and NM examinations performed in 17 hospitals of the Emilia-Romagna region. In particular, numerical values of the following dosimetric parameters were requested: entrance skin dose for CR, CT dose index and dose-length product for CT and activity administered for NM. Lastly, the annual collective dose S and annual average per-caput dose were calculated.
The 13 diagnostic imaging procedures that were the greatest contributors to the Emilia-Romagna population dose between 2001 and 2006 were identified and, for the year 2006, their percentage contribution to total procedures and population dose are indicated. CR, CT and NM accounted for 12%, 78% and 10% of the dose, and 83%, 15% and 2% of total procedures, respectively. The annual trends of S and average per capita dose are shown, and the theory underlying the use of these parameters is briefly discussed.
This type of study relies heavily on the analysis of field data and as such, the growing attention paid in recent years to procedure optimisation should continue, and expand even for the justification of the procedures themselves as justification has a significant impact on the reduction of S and per-caput doses.
本文展示了 2001 年至 2006 年艾米利亚-罗马涅地区人群常规放射摄影（CR）、计算机断层扫描（CT）和核医学（NM）检查的医疗辐射暴露的年度趋势。
我们收集了艾米利亚-罗马涅地区 17 家医院进行的 CR、CT 和 NM 检查的类型、数量和平均剂量信息。特别是，请求了以下剂量学参数的数值值：CR 的入射皮肤剂量、CT 的剂量指数和剂量长度乘积以及 NM 的给药活度。最后，计算了年度集体剂量 S 和年度人均剂量。
确定了 2001 年至 2006 年对艾米利亚-罗马涅人群剂量贡献最大的 13 项诊断成像程序，并为 2006 年指出了它们对总程序和人群剂量的百分比贡献。CR、CT 和 NM 分别占剂量的 12%、78%和 10%，占总程序的 83%、15%和 2%。显示了 S 和人均剂量的年度趋势，并简要讨论了使用这些参数的理论基础。
这种类型的研究严重依赖于现场数据的分析，因此，近年来对程序优化的日益关注应继续下去，并扩大到程序本身的合理性，因为合理性对 S 和人均剂量的减少有重大影响。
