Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
AAPS J. 2010 Jun;12(2):109-16. doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9168-2. Epub 2010 Jan 8.
Nasal administration of influenza vaccine has the potential to facilitate influenza control and prevention. However, when administered intranasally (i.n.), commercially available inactivated vaccines only generate systemic and mucosal immune responses if strong adjuvants are used, which are often associated with safety problems. We describe the successful use of a safe adjuvant Gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles derived from the food-grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis for i.n. vaccination with subunit influenza vaccine in mice. It is shown that simple admixing of the vaccine with the GEM particles results in a strongly enhanced immune response. Already after one booster, the i.n. delivered GEM subunit vaccine resulted in hemagglutination inhibition titers in serum at a level equal to the conventional intramuscular (i.m.) route. Moreover, i.n. immunization with GEM subunit vaccine elicited superior mucosal and Th1 skewed immune responses compared to those induced by i.m. and i.n. administered subunit vaccine alone. In conclusion, GEM particles act as a potent adjuvant for i.n. influenza immunization.
鼻腔内接种流感疫苗具有促进流感控制和预防的潜力。然而，当经鼻腔内（i.n.）给药时，市售的灭活疫苗只有在使用强佐剂时才会产生全身和黏膜免疫应答，而这些佐剂通常与安全性问题相关。我们描述了一种安全的佐剂革兰氏阳性增强基质（GEM）颗粒在经鼻腔接种亚单位流感疫苗中的成功应用，该佐剂源自食品级乳球菌。结果表明，简单地将疫苗与 GEM 颗粒混合即可显著增强免疫应答。仅仅进行一次加强免疫后，经鼻腔给予的 GEM 亚单位疫苗在血清中引起的血凝抑制滴度与传统的肌肉内（i.m.）途径相当。此外，与肌肉内和鼻腔内单独给予亚单位疫苗相比，GEM 亚单位疫苗经鼻腔免疫接种可诱导出更优的黏膜和 Th1 偏向性免疫应答。总之，GEM 颗粒是一种有效的经鼻腔流感免疫佐剂。
