Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2010 Nov;76(3):470-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
In this study, a liquid formulation of influenza subunit vaccine admixed with Gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles as adjuvant was delivered to upper and lower parts of intestinal tract. The aim was to determine the most effective immunization site in the intestines. Mice were vaccinated with a liquid formulation of GEM and influenza subunit vaccine orally and rectally. The oral administration of the vaccine with GEM particles induced a better systemic and mucosal immune response than oral (vaccine only) and rectal (with and without adjuvant) immunizations. Rectal administration elicited high IgG1 responses but little IgG2a, indicating a Th2 dominated immune response. In contrast, the oral immunization with GEM particles elicited a balanced IgG1 and IgG2a response. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that GEM-adjuvanted influenza vaccine should be targeted to the upper part of the intestinal tract.
在这项研究中，将流感亚单位疫苗的液体配方与革兰氏阳性增强基质（GEM）颗粒混合作为佐剂递送至肠道的上部和下部。目的是确定肠道内最有效的免疫接种部位。用 GEM 颗粒和流感亚单位疫苗的液体配方经口和直肠给小鼠接种疫苗。与口服（仅疫苗）和直肠（有和没有佐剂）免疫相比，用 GEM 颗粒的口服疫苗接种诱导了更好的全身和粘膜免疫应答。直肠给药引起高 IgG1 应答，但 IgG2a 很少，表明 Th2 主导的免疫应答。相比之下，用 GEM 颗粒的口服免疫诱导了平衡的 IgG1 和 IgG2a 应答。总之，我们的结果表明，GEM 佐剂流感疫苗应针对肠道的上部。
