Källén Bengt, Finnström Orvar, Lindam Anna, Nilsson Emma, Nygren Karl-Gösta, Otterblad Petra Olausson
Tornblad Institute, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010 Mar;88(3):137-43. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20645.
The risk for congenital malformations is increased in infants born after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Some specific malformations appear to be more affected than others.
The presence of congenital malformations in 15,570 infants born after IVF with an embryo transfer between April 1, 2001, and the end of 2006 were compared with all infants born in Sweden during 2001 to 2007 (n = 689,157). Risk estimates were made after adjusting for year of birth, maternal age, parity, smoking, and body mass index. The risks of specific malformations were compared with data from a previous study (1982 to March 31, 2001) of 16,280 infants born after IVF. Different IVF methods were compared to respect to malformation risk.
Increased risks of a similar magnitude were found for most cardiovascular malformations and limb reduction defects for both study periods. For neural tube defects, cardiac septal defects, and esophageal atresia, there was still an increased risk, but it was lower during the second than during the first period. For small bowel atresia, anal atresia, and hypospadias, the risk increase observed during the first study period had disappeared during the second period. An increased risk was seen for some syndromes that have been associated with imprinting errors. No difference in malformation risk according to IVF method was apparent.
A slightly increased risk for congenital malformations after IVF persists. A decreasing risk is seen for some specific malformations, either true or the result of multiple testing.
体外受精（IVF）后出生的婴儿发生先天性畸形的风险增加。某些特定畸形似乎比其他畸形受影响更大。
将2001年4月1日至2006年底进行胚胎移植的IVF后出生的15570名婴儿的先天性畸形情况与2001年至2007年在瑞典出生的所有婴儿（n = 689157）进行比较。在对出生年份、产妇年龄、产次、吸烟和体重指数进行调整后进行风险估计。将特定畸形的风险与先前一项关于16280名IVF后出生婴儿（1982年至2001年3月31日）的研究数据进行比较。比较了不同IVF方法的畸形风险。
在两个研究期间，大多数心血管畸形和肢体减少缺陷的风险增加幅度相似。对于神经管缺陷、心脏间隔缺损和食管闭锁，风险仍然增加，但在第二个时期低于第一个时期。对于小肠闭锁、肛门闭锁和尿道下裂，在第一个研究时期观察到的风险增加在第二个时期消失了。对于一些与印记错误相关的综合征，风险增加。根据IVF方法，畸形风险没有明显差异。
IVF后先天性畸形的风险略有增加仍然存在。对于一些特定畸形，风险在降低，这可能是真实的，也可能是多次检测的结果。
