Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA.
J Athl Train. 2010 Jan-Feb;45(1):39-43. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-45.1.39.
Removal of the lacrosse helmet to achieve airway access has been discouraged based only on research in which cervical alignment was examined. No researchers have examined the effect of lacrosse equipment on the cervical space available for the spinal cord (SAC).
To determine the effect of lacrosse equipment on the cervical SAC and cervical-thoracic angle (CTA) in the immobilized athlete.
Observational study.
Outpatient imaging center.
Ten volunteer lacrosse athletes (age = 20.7 +/- 1.87 years, height = 180.3 +/- 8.3 cm, mass = 91 +/- 12.8 kg) with no history of cervical spine injury or disease and no contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
INTERVENTION(S): The lacrosse players were positioned supine on a spine board for all test conditions. An MRI scan was completed for each condition.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The independent variables were condition (no equipment, shoulder pads only [SP], and full gear that included helmet and shoulder pads [FG]), and cervical spine level (C3-C7). The dependent variables were the SAC and CTA. The MRI scans were evaluated midsagittally. The average of 3 measures was used as the criterion variable. The SAC data were analyzed using a 3 x 5 analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. The CTA data were analyzed with a 1-way repeated-measures ANOVA.
We found no equipment x level interaction effect (F(3.7,72) = 1.34, P = .279) or equipment main effect (F(2,18) = 1.20, P = .325) for the SAC (no equipment = 5.04 +/- 1.44 mm, SP = 4.69 +/- 1.36 mm, FG = 4.62 +/- 1.38 mm). The CTA was greater (ie, more extension; critical P = .0167) during the SP (32.64 degrees +/- 3.9 degrees) condition than during the no-equipment (25.34 degrees +/- 2.3 degrees ; t(9) = 7.67, P = .001) or FG (26.81 degrees +/- 5.1 degrees; t(9) = 4.80, P = .001) condition.
Immobilizing healthy lacrosse athletes with shoulder pads and no helmets affected cervical spine alignment but did not affect SAC. Further research is needed to determine and identify appropriate care of the lacrosse athlete with a spine injury.
仅仅基于研究颈椎排列的研究，不鼓励去除曲棍球头盔以获得气道通路。没有研究人员检查曲棍球设备对脊髓（SAC）可用颈椎空间的影响。
确定曲棍球装备对固定运动员颈椎 SAC 和颈椎-胸椎角（CTA）的影响。
观察性研究。
门诊成像中心。
十名志愿曲棍球运动员（年龄= 20.7 +/- 1.87 岁，身高= 180.3 +/- 8.3 厘米，体重= 91 +/- 12.8 公斤），无颈椎损伤或疾病史，无磁共振成像（MRI）禁忌症。
曲棍球运动员仰卧在脊柱板上进行所有测试条件。对每个条件进行 MRI 扫描。
独立变量为条件（无设备、仅肩垫[SP]和包括头盔和肩垫的全套设备[FG]）和颈椎水平（C3-C7）。因变量为 SAC 和 CTA。MRI 扫描在矢状面进行评估。使用 3 次测量的平均值作为标准变量。使用重复测量的 3 x 5 方差分析（ANOVA）分析 SAC 数据。使用单向重复测量 ANOVA 分析 CTA 数据。
我们发现 SAC 没有设备 x 水平交互作用效应（F(3.7,72) = 1.34，P =.279）或设备主要效应（F(2,18) = 1.20，P =.325）（无设备= 5.04 +/- 1.44 毫米，SP = 4.69 +/- 1.36 毫米，FG = 4.62 +/- 1.38 毫米）。与无设备（25.34 度 +/- 2.3 度；t(9) = 7.67，P =.001）或 FG（26.81 度 +/- 5.1 度；t(9) = 4.80，P =.001）条件相比，SP（32.64 度 +/- 3.9 度）条件下 CTA 更大（即伸展更多；临界 P =.0167）。
用肩垫固定健康的曲棍球运动员而不戴头盔会影响颈椎排列，但不会影响 SAC。需要进一步研究确定和识别有脊柱损伤的曲棍球运动员的适当护理。
