Tierney Ryan T, Mattacola Carl G, Sitler Michael R, Maldjian Catherine
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
J Athl Train. 2002 Jun;37(2):185-189.
To assess the effect of head position and football equipment (ie, helmet and shoulder pads) on cervical spinal cord space in individuals lying supine on a spine board. DESIGN AND SETTING: The independent variables were head position (0-cm, 2-cm, and 4-cm occiput elevation with no helmet and shoulder pads and with helmet and shoulder pads) and cervical spine level (C3, C4, C5, C6, and C7). The 3 dependent variables were sagittal space available for the cord (SAC) (mm), sagittal spinal-cord diameter (mm), and cervical-thoracic angle ( degrees ), determined via magnetic resonance imaging. SUBJECTS: Twelve men (age = 24.3 +/- 2.1 years; height = 181.1 +/- 5.7 cm; weight = 93.9 +/- 3.6 kg). MEASUREMENTS: Sagittal space available for the cord was determined by subtracting the sagittal spinal-cord diameter from the corresponding sagittal spinal-canal diameter. The spinal-canal diameter was measured as the shortest distance from the vertebral body to the spinolaminar line at each of the spinal levels. Each measurement was taken 3 times, and the 3 measurements were averaged. RESULTS: Sagittal space available for the cord was significantly greater (P <.01) for 0-cm (mean = 5.50 mm) than for 2-cm (mean = 4.86 mm) and 4-cm (mean = 5.07 mm) occiput elevation. SAC was also significantly greater (P <.01) for the equipment condition (mean = 5.34 mm) than for the 2-cm and 4-cm elevation levels. No significant difference (P =.093) in SAC existed between 0-cm elevation and the equipment condition. CONCLUSIONS: The helmet and shoulder pads should be left on during spine-board immobilization of the injured football player. Similarly, during spine-board immobilization of an individual without football helmet and shoulder pads, the head should be maintained at 0 cm of occiput elevation. Sagittal spinal-cord space is optimized in both of these conditions.
评估头部位置和橄榄球装备（即头盔和肩垫）对仰卧在脊柱板上的个体颈脊髓间隙的影响。
自变量为头部位置（枕骨抬高0厘米、2厘米和4厘米，分别在不佩戴头盔和肩垫以及佩戴头盔和肩垫的情况下）和颈椎节段（C3、C4、C5、C6和C7）。通过磁共振成像确定的3个因变量为脊髓矢状间隙（SAC）（毫米）、脊髓矢状径（毫米）和颈胸角（度）。
12名男性（年龄=24.3±2.1岁；身高=181.1±5.7厘米；体重=93.9±3.6千克）。
脊髓矢状间隙通过相应的脊髓矢状管直径减去脊髓矢状径来确定。椎管直径测量为每个脊柱节段椎体到棘突板线的最短距离。每次测量进行3次，并取3次测量的平均值。
枕骨抬高0厘米时脊髓矢状间隙（平均值=5.50毫米）显著大于2厘米（平均值=4.86毫米）和4厘米（平均值=5.07毫米）时（P<.01）。装备条件下的SAC（平均值=5.34毫米）也显著大于2厘米和4厘米抬高水平时（P<.01）。0厘米抬高与装备条件下的SAC无显著差异（P=.093）。
在对受伤的橄榄球运动员进行脊柱板固定时应保留头盔和肩垫。同样，在对未佩戴橄榄球头盔和肩垫的个体进行脊柱板固定时，头部应保持枕骨抬高0厘米。在这两种情况下脊髓矢状间隙均达到最佳状态。
