Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 833, 75005 Paris, France.
J Cell Biol. 2010 Jan 11;188(1):115-30. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200903137.
Vascular sprouting is a key process-driving development of the vascular system. In this study, we show that neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), a transmembrane receptor for the lymphangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), plays an important role in lymphatic vessel sprouting. Blocking VEGF-C binding to Nrp2 using antibodies specifically inhibits sprouting of developing lymphatic endothelial tip cells in vivo. In vitro analyses show that Nrp2 modulates lymphatic endothelial tip cell extension and prevents tip cell stalling and retraction during vascular sprout formation. Genetic deletion of Nrp2 reproduces the sprouting defects seen after antibody treatment. To investigate whether this defect depends on Nrp2 interaction with VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and/or 3, we intercrossed heterozygous mice lacking one allele of these receptors. Double-heterozygous nrp2vegfr2 mice develop normally without detectable lymphatic sprouting defects. In contrast, double-heterozygote nrp2vegfr3 mice show a reduction of lymphatic vessel sprouting and decreased lymph vessel branching in adult organs. Thus, interaction between Nrp2 and VEGFR3 mediates proper lymphatic vessel sprouting in response to VEGF-C.
血管生成是驱动血管系统发育的关键过程。在这项研究中,我们表明,作为淋巴管生成血管内皮生长因子 C(VEGF-C)的跨膜受体,神经纤毛蛋白-2(Nrp2)在淋巴管芽生中发挥重要作用。使用针对 Nrp2 的抗体阻断 VEGF-C 的结合特异性抑制体内发育中的淋巴管内皮尖端细胞的芽生。体外分析表明,Nrp2 调节淋巴管内皮尖端细胞的延伸,并防止血管芽形成过程中尖端细胞停滞和回缩。Nrp2 的基因缺失重现了抗体处理后观察到的芽生缺陷。为了研究这种缺陷是否依赖于 Nrp2 与血管内皮生长因子受体 2(VEGFR2)和/或 3 的相互作用,我们将这些受体的一个等位基因缺失的杂合子小鼠进行了杂交。nrp2vegfr2 双杂合子小鼠正常发育,没有检测到淋巴管芽生缺陷。相比之下,nrp2vegfr3 双杂合子小鼠表现出淋巴管芽生减少和成年器官中淋巴管分支减少。因此,Nrp2 和 VEGFR3 之间的相互作用介导了对 VEGF-C 的适当淋巴管芽生。
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