Kaisar Omar M, Johnson David W, Prins Judith B, Isbel Nicole
Department of Nephrology, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Curr Cardiol Rev. 2008 Nov;4(4):287-92. doi: 10.2174/157340308786349516.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major cause of premature death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including renal transplant recipients. Both interplay of traditional cardiovascular and renal specific risk factors have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death in patients with CKD. Recently, there has been great interest in the role of novel biomarkers, in particular adiponectin and leptin, and its association with CVD in the CKD population. Adiponectin is a multifunctional adipocyte-derived protein with anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic and insulin sensitizing activity. Recent observational studies have shown adiponectin to be a novel risk marker of CVD in patients with stages 1 to 5 CKD. Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that promotes weight loss by decreasing food intake. Similarly, there are observational studies to support an association between leptin and CVD, including patients with CKD. In the CKD population, leptin may be associated with uremic cachexia and subsequent increased mortality. This review aims to summarize the pathophysiological and potential clinical roles of these cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with CKD.
心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者过早死亡的主要原因，包括肾移植受者。传统心血管危险因素与肾脏特异性危险因素的相互作用均已显示与CKD患者心血管死亡风险增加相关。最近，新型生物标志物，特别是脂联素和瘦素的作用及其与CKD人群中CVD的关联引起了极大关注。脂联素是一种多功能的脂肪细胞衍生蛋白，具有抗炎、抗动脉粥样硬化和胰岛素增敏活性。最近的观察性研究表明，脂联素是1至5期CKD患者CVD的新型风险标志物。瘦素是一种脂肪细胞衍生的激素，通过减少食物摄入量来促进体重减轻。同样，也有观察性研究支持瘦素与CVD之间的关联，包括CKD患者。在CKD人群中，瘦素可能与尿毒症性恶病质及随后增加的死亡率相关。本综述旨在总结这些心血管生物标志物在CKD患者中的病理生理和潜在临床作用。
