Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ergonomics. 2010 Jan;53(1):56-64. doi: 10.1080/00140130903389050.
Backpack weight of 10-15% has been recommended as an acceptable limit for schoolchildren. However, there is still no clear guideline regarding where the backpack centre of gravity (CG) should be positioned. The changes of spinal curvature and repositioning error when carrying a backpack loaded at 15% of body weight at different CG locations (anterior or posterior at T7, T12 or L3) in schoolchildren were analysed. Both spinal curvature and repositioning error were found to be affected by backpack anterior-posterior position and CG level. A relatively smaller change was observed during anterior carriage with the least change when the backpack CG was positioned at T12. The results also suggested that alternative carriage by changing the backpack position occasionally between anterior and posterior positions might help to relieve the effects of backpack on spine. However, future study is recommended to further substantiate the beneficial effects of alternative carriage on children. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Anteriorly carried backpack with centre of gravity positioned at T12 was shown to induce relatively less effect on spinal deformation and repositioning error in schoolchildren. Changing backpack carriage position occasionally may help to relieve its effects on spinal deformation. The findings are important for ergonomic schoolbag design and determining a proper load carriage method.
背包重量的 10-15% 被推荐为小学生可接受的极限。然而，关于背包重心（CG）应放置在何处，目前仍没有明确的指导方针。本研究分析了在不同 CG 位置（T7、T12 或 L3 的前或后）处，以 15%体重装载背包时，儿童脊柱曲率变化和重新定位误差。结果发现，背包前后位置和 CG 水平均影响脊柱曲率和重新定位误差。前载时变化相对较小，当背包 CG 位于 T12 时变化最小。结果还表明，通过偶尔在前后位置之间改变背包位置来改变携带方式，可能有助于缓解背包对脊柱的影响。然而，建议进行进一步的研究，以进一步证实交替携带方式对儿童的有益效果。相关性声明：与将重心置于 T12 的前载背包相比，这种背包方式对儿童脊柱变形和重新定位误差的影响相对较小。偶尔改变背包的携带位置可能有助于缓解其对脊柱变形的影响。这些发现对于符合人体工程学的书包设计和确定适当的负重方式非常重要。
