Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
J Clin Periodontol. 2010 Mar;37(3):220-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01516.x. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
To test whether exacerbated gingival inflammation in pregnancy is associated with increased salivary hormone levels and changes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) levels.
In this cohort study, 48 pregnant women without periodontitis were evaluated in the first, second, and third trimesters and at 3 months postpartum. Twenty-eight non-periodontitis non-pregnant women were evaluated twice, with a 6-month interval. Plaque and gingival indices (PlI, GI), salivary progesterone and estradiol and GCF IL-1beta and PGE2 levels were determined. anova for repeated measures or Friedman's test were used for intragroup analyses. Inter-group comparisons were analysed with t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. Correlations were evaluated with Pearson's and Spearman's test.
Pregnant women showed an increase in GI (p<0.05) despite maintaining low PlI values. No changes in IL-1beta and PGE2 levels were observed during pregnancy. No significant correlation was found between the GI increase and salivary hormone levels. GI (p<0.05) and IL-1beta levels (p<0.001) were lower in non-pregnant than in pregnant women.
This study confirms the presence of an exacerbated gingival inflammation during pregnancy, but this phenomenon could not be associated with an increase in progesterone or estradiol or with changes in PGE2 or IL-1beta.
检测妊娠期间牙龈炎症加重是否与唾液激素水平升高以及龈沟液（GCF）中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和前列腺素 E2（PGE2）水平的变化有关。
在这项队列研究中，48 名无牙周炎的孕妇分别在妊娠第一、二、三 trimester 及产后 3 个月进行评估。28 名非牙周炎非孕妇进行了两次评估，间隔 6 个月。测定菌斑指数和牙龈指数（PlI、GI）、唾液孕激素和雌二醇以及 GCF 中 IL-1β和 PGE2 水平。采用重复测量方差分析或 Friedman 检验进行组内分析。采用 t 检验或 Mann-Whitney U 检验进行组间比较。采用 Pearson 和 Spearman 检验进行相关性分析。
尽管孕妇的 PlI 值较低，但 GI 仍有所增加（p<0.05）。妊娠期间 IL-1β和 PGE2 水平无变化。GI 增加与唾液激素水平之间未发现显著相关性。非孕妇的 GI（p<0.05）和 IL-1β水平（p<0.001）均低于孕妇。
本研究证实了妊娠期间存在牙龈炎症加重的现象，但这一现象与孕激素或雌二醇的增加或 PGE2 或 IL-1β的变化无关。
