Swedo S E, Offer D
Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Hospital, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Illinois.
J Adolesc Health. 1991 Jan;12(1):6-10. doi: 10.1016/0197-0070(91)90032-h.
Complete medical assessment of an adolescent requires understanding of the normal psychological state, including self-image. To determine the pediatrician's knowledge about the self-image of normal adolescents, 33 house staff and 36 attending pediatricians in a major teaching center completed the Offer Physician-Adolescent Questionnaire (OPAQ), a scale that measures adult perceptions of adolescent self-image. Forty-one male and 28 female pediatricians completed the 50-item questionnaire as they believed a "mentally healthy, well-adjusted adolescent" would. Pediatricians' responses did not differ by sex, age, or status as resident or attending. Percentage endorsements for each item were converted to standard scores for 11 scales. The scale scores were then compared with previously established norms for healthy adolescents and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Pediatricians accurately predicted the normal adolescent responses for only two scales: vocational and educational goals and superior adjustment. Pediatricians responded more positively than the adolescents to items on the idealism scale. For the remaining eight scales, the pediatricians responded more negatively than did normal adolescents and teens with cystic fibrosis. The pediatricians' view of normal adolescent self-image seems to be more pessimistic than what adolescents report.
对青少年进行全面的医学评估需要了解其正常的心理状态，包括自我形象。为了确定儿科医生对正常青少年自我形象的了解程度，一所主要教学中心的33名住院医生和36名主治儿科医生完成了奥弗医生-青少年问卷（OPAQ），这是一个衡量成年人对青少年自我形象认知的量表。41名男性和28名女性儿科医生按照他们认为“心理健康、适应良好的青少年”会给出的答案完成了这份包含50个条目的问卷。儿科医生的回答在性别、年龄或住院医生与主治医生身份方面没有差异。每个条目的认可百分比被转换为11个量表的标准分数。然后将这些量表分数与之前为健康青少年和患有囊性纤维化的青少年确立的标准进行比较。儿科医生仅在两个量表上准确预测了正常青少年的回答：职业和教育目标以及卓越适应能力。在理想主义量表的条目上，儿科医生的回答比青少年更为积极。在其余八个量表上，儿科医生的回答比正常青少年和患有囊性纤维化的青少年更为消极。儿科医生对正常青少年自我形象的看法似乎比青少年自己报告的更为悲观。
