Ferretti G, Atchou G, Grassi B, Marconi C, Cerretelli P
Département de Physiologie, Centre Médical Universitaire, Genève, Switzerland.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1991;62(1):7-10. doi: 10.1007/BF00635625.
The energy cost of walking (Cw) and running (Cr), and the maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) were determined in a field study on 17 Pygmies (age 24 years, SD 6; height 160 cm, SD 5; body mass 57.2 kg, SD 4.8) living in the region of Bipindi, Cameroon. The Cw varied from 112 ml.kg-1.km-1, SD 25 [velocity (v), 4 km.h-1] to 143 ml.kg-1.km-1, SD 16 (v, 7 km.h-1). Optimal walking v was 5 km.h-1. The Cr was 156 ml.kg-1.km-1, SD 14 (v, 10 km.h-1) and was constant in the 8-11 km.h-1 speed range. The VO2max was 33.7 ml.kg-1.min-1, i.e. lower than in other African populations of the same age. The Cr and Cw were lower than in taller Caucasian endurance runners. These findings, which challenge the theory of physical similarity as applied to animal locomotion, may depend either on the mechanics of locomotion which in Pygmies may be different from that observed in Caucasians, or on a greater mechanical efficiency in Pygmies than in Caucasians. The low Cr values observed enable Pygmies to reach higher running speeds than would be expected on the basis of their VO2max.
在喀麦隆比平迪地区对17名俾格米人（年龄24岁，标准差6；身高160厘米，标准差5；体重57.2千克，标准差4.8）进行的一项实地研究中，测定了行走（Cw）和跑步（Cr）的能量消耗以及最大耗氧量（VO2max）。Cw从112毫升·千克⁻¹·千米⁻¹（标准差25，速度（v）4千米·小时⁻¹）变化到143毫升·千克⁻¹·千米⁻¹（标准差16，v 7千米·小时⁻¹）。最佳行走速度v为5千米·小时⁻¹。Cr为156毫升·千克⁻¹·千米⁻¹（标准差14，v 10千米·小时⁻¹），并且在8 - 11千米·小时⁻¹的速度范围内保持恒定。VO2max为33.7毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹，即低于同年龄的其他非洲人群。Cr和Cw低于身材更高的高加索耐力跑者。这些发现挑战了应用于动物运动的身体相似性理论，可能要么取决于俾格米人的运动力学，其可能与在高加索人中观察到的不同，要么取决于俾格米人比高加索人具有更高的机械效率。观察到的低Cr值使俾格米人能够达到比基于他们的VO2max预期更高奔跑速度。
