Iñigo Riesgo Carmen Armida, Torres Gómez Luis Guillermo, Lofte Navarro Carlos A, Cortés Sanabria Laura, Godoy Muzquiz Ramón Javier
CMNO, IMSS, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia.
Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2009 Dec;77(12):535-43.
Ischemic heart disease is the second leading killer of women in Mexico, regardless of age group. The incidence of cardiovascular events increases after menopause, and depend on the prevalence and accumulation of risk factors.
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a population of Mexican women who receive care in a menopause clinic.
Cross-sectional study included 308 women. Sociodemographic characteristics were collected, and background somatometric-family inherited cardiovascular risk factors, biochemical variables: blood glucose and lipid profile. Women were classified into two groups: pre-and postmenopause, the latter being subdivided according to time since menopause: less than three years and more than three years.
Two hundred six (66.7%) women had inherited a positive family history. We identified 123 (39.9%) in premenopausal, mean age 46.4 +/- 3.2 years and 185 (60.1%) postmenopausal with a mean age of 50.5 +/- 3.2. We found no differences in blood pressure and blood glucose somatometric features. The levels of total cholesterol (TC) and cholesterol of low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were significantly higher in the group of postmenopausal women. It was noted that total cholesterol and triglycerides increased with age regardless of hormonal status. Hypercholesterolemia was detected in 41.5% of premenopausal patients and in 51.4% of postmenopausal women. More than half of the population studied had three or more cardiovascular risk factors.
There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican women present from pre-menopause. The major modifiable: sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidaemia and overweight.
无论年龄组如何，缺血性心脏病都是墨西哥女性的第二大主要杀手。绝经后心血管事件的发生率会增加，且取决于危险因素的流行程度和积累情况。
确定在一家更年期诊所接受治疗的墨西哥女性人群中心血管危险因素的流行情况。
横断面研究纳入了308名女性。收集了社会人口学特征，以及身体测量-家族遗传的心血管危险因素背景、生化变量：血糖和血脂谱。女性被分为两组：绝经前和绝经后，后者根据绝经后的时间进一步细分：少于三年和多于三年。
206名（66.7%）女性有阳性家族遗传史。我们在绝经前组中识别出123名（39.9%），平均年龄46.4±3.2岁，绝经后组中有185名（60.1%），平均年龄50.5±3.2岁。我们发现血压和血糖的身体测量特征没有差异。绝经后女性组的总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著更高。值得注意的是，无论激素状态如何，总胆固醇和甘油三酯都随年龄增加。4l.5%的绝经前患者和51.4%的绝经后女性检测到高胆固醇血症。超过一半的研究人群有三种或更多心血管危险因素。
墨西哥女性从绝经前就存在较高的心血管危险因素流行率。主要可改变的因素为：久坐的生活方式、血脂异常和超重。
