Culp Kennith, Ramey Sandra, Karlman Susan
Adult and Gerontological Area of Study, The University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, IA 52241, USA.
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2008 Apr;1(2):87-96. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20080401-01.
Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) are the principal bedside caregivers in nursing homes, yet little is known about their perceptions of the work environment. This population-based, cross-sectional study used a mailed questionnaire to a random sample of Iowa CNAs (N=584), representing 166 nursing homes. Of the respondents, 88.5% (n=517) were currently employed in long-term care settings; however, 11.5% (n=67) indicated they had left their jobs. When CNA responses were compared with those of other occupational groups, general workers reported higher scores on involvement, coworker cohesion, work pressure, and supervisor support. Those who left their CNA jobs rated their work environment as characteristic of excessive managerial control and task orientation. Results of this study emphasize the importance of the relationship between CNAs and their supervisors, CNAs' need for greater autonomy and innovation, and the need for the work environment to change dramatically in the area of human resource management.
认证护理助理（CNA）是养老院中主要的床边护理人员，但对于他们对工作环境的看法却知之甚少。这项基于人群的横断面研究通过邮寄问卷的方式，对爱荷华州的CNA进行了随机抽样（N = 584），代表了166家养老院。在受访者中，88.5%（n = 517）目前受雇于长期护理机构；然而，11.5%（n = 67）表示他们已经离职。当将CNA的回答与其他职业群体的回答进行比较时，普通工人在参与度、同事凝聚力、工作压力和上级支持方面的得分更高。那些辞去CNA工作的人将他们的工作环境描述为过度管理控制和任务导向的特征。这项研究的结果强调了CNA与其上级之间关系的重要性、CNA对更大自主权和创新的需求，以及在人力资源管理领域工作环境需要发生巨大变化的必要性。
