American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
J Pers. 2009 Jun;77(3):795-824. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00565.x. Epub 2009 Mar 25.
We used an experience sampling methodology to explore the relationship between current symptoms of dysphoria and momentary mood fluctuations following everyday experiences of anger. Using PDA devices, participants rated their mood, ruminative cognitions, feelings of dependency, and stressful events 4 times per day for 1 week. We hypothesized and found that those higher in dysphoria would demonstrate a stronger link between anger and depressed mood than those who were lower in dysphoria. Those participants who reported higher initial dysphoria indicated more anger over the course of the week, a stronger within-person association between anger and depressed mood, and a slower recovery from anger experiences. Multilevel moderated mediation analyses indicated that the link between anger and depressed mood for those high in dysphoria is largely explained by a stronger carryover of anger from one assessment to the next and partially explained by greater increases in ruminative cognitions and feelings of dependency. The change in depressed mood appears to occur with increases in anger, specifically, and not other negative mood states. Our results extend previous research on the anger-depression relationship by investigating the short-term relationships between anger and depressed mood among those with varying levels of dysphoria.
我们采用经验采样方法，探讨了愤怒日常体验后，当前抑郁症状与瞬间情绪波动之间的关系。参与者使用 PDA 设备，每周 4 次，每天 4 次，对自己的情绪、沉思认知、依赖感和压力事件进行评分。我们假设并发现，与抑郁程度较低的人相比，抑郁程度较高的人在愤怒和抑郁情绪之间表现出更强的联系。那些报告初始抑郁程度较高的参与者在一周内表现出更多的愤怒，愤怒和抑郁情绪之间的个体内关联更强，从愤怒经历中恢复的速度也更慢。多层次调节中介分析表明，对于抑郁程度较高的人来说，愤怒和抑郁情绪之间的联系主要是由于愤怒从一次评估到下一次评估的延续性更强，部分原因是沉思认知和依赖感的增加。抑郁情绪的变化似乎是随着愤怒的增加而发生的，特别是与其他负面情绪状态无关。我们的研究结果通过研究不同抑郁程度的人之间愤怒和抑郁情绪之间的短期关系，扩展了关于愤怒和抑郁关系的先前研究。
