Phyllis Green and Randolph Cōwen Institute for Pediatric Neuroscience at the NYU Child Study Center, 215 Lexington Avenue 14th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Neuroimage. 2010 May 1;50(4):1690-701. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Jan 15.
The resting brain exhibits coherent patterns of spontaneous low-frequency BOLD fluctuations. These so-called resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) networks are posited to reflect intrinsic representations of functional systems commonly implicated in cognitive function. Yet, the direct relationship between RSFC and the BOLD response induced by task performance remains unclear. Here we examine the relationship between a region's pattern of RSFC across participants and that same region's level of BOLD activation during an Eriksen Flanker task. To achieve this goal we employed a voxel-matched regression method, which assessed whether the magnitude of task-induced activity at each brain voxel could be predicted by measures of RSFC strength for the same voxel, across 26 healthy adults. We examined relationships between task-induced activation and RSFC strength for six different seed regions [Fox, M.D., Snyder, A.Z., Vincent, J.L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D.C., Raichle, M.E., 2005. The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102, 9673-9678.], as well as the "default mode" and "task-positive" resting-state networks in their entirety. Our results indicate that, for a number of brain regions, inter-individual differences in task-induced BOLD activity were predicted by one of two resting-state properties: (1) the region's positive connectivity strength with the task-positive network, or (2) its negative connectivity with the default mode network. Strikingly, most of the regions exhibiting a significant relationship between their RSFC properties and task-induced BOLD activity were located in transition zones between the default mode and task-positive networks. These results suggest that a common mechanism governs many brain regions' neural activity during rest and its neural activity during task performance.
静息状态的大脑表现出自发的低频 BOLD 波动的相干模式。这些所谓的静息态功能连接（RSFC）网络被认为反映了通常与认知功能有关的功能系统的内在表现。然而，RSFC 与任务执行引起的 BOLD 反应之间的直接关系尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了参与者之间一个区域的 RSFC 模式与该区域在 Eriksen Flanker 任务中 BOLD 激活水平之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，我们采用了体素匹配回归方法，该方法评估了在 26 位健康成年人中，每个脑区的任务诱发活动的幅度是否可以通过同一脑区的 RSFC 强度来预测。我们检查了六个不同种子区域的任务诱发激活与 RSFC 强度之间的关系[Fox, M.D., Snyder, A.Z., Vincent, J.L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D.C., Raichle, M.E., 2005. 人类大脑本质上是由动态、反相关的功能网络组成的。Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102, 9673-9678.]，以及整个“默认模式”和“任务正性”静息态网络。我们的结果表明，对于许多脑区，个体间任务诱发的 BOLD 活动差异可以由两种静息态特性之一来预测：（1）该区域与任务正性网络的正连接强度，或（2）与默认模式网络的负连接强度。引人注目的是，在 RSFC 特性与其任务诱发的 BOLD 活动之间存在显著关系的大多数区域都位于默认模式和任务正性网络之间的过渡区域。这些结果表明，一种共同的机制支配着许多脑区在静息状态下和在任务执行期间的神经活动。
