Elbert M, Powell T W, Swartzlander P
Indiana University, Bloomington.
J Speech Hear Res. 1991 Feb;34(1):81-7. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3401.81.
This descriptive study examined the number of minimal-word-pair exemplars necessary for 19 phonologically impaired children to meet a generalization criterion. For 59% of the test cases, three exemplars were sufficient for generalization to occur. Five exemplars were sufficient in 21% of the test cases, and it was necessary to teach 10 different exemplars in 14% of the test cases. In 7% of the test cases, generalization did not occur despite treatment on 10 exemplars. Although generalization usually occurred following treatment using a small number of exemplars, there was substantial variability across individual subjects. There was no apparent relationship between specific sounds and the likelihood of generalization; however, the data from some children suggested that treatment on one sound enhances learning of subsequent sounds. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
这项描述性研究考察了19名语音受损儿童达到泛化标准所需的最小词对范例数量。在59%的测试案例中，三个范例足以实现泛化。在21%的测试案例中，五个范例就足够了，在14%的测试案例中则需要教授10个不同的范例。在7%的测试案例中，尽管对10个范例进行了治疗，但泛化并未发生。虽然使用少量范例进行治疗后通常会出现泛化，但个体受试者之间存在很大差异。特定声音与泛化可能性之间没有明显关系；然而，一些儿童的数据表明，对一种声音的治疗会增强对后续声音的学习。讨论了这些发现的理论和临床意义。
