Curso de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Nov;93(5):541-8. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009001100016.
Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF).
To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings.
We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 +/- 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 +/- 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations.
Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels.
Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.
为了改善心力衰竭（HF）患者的治疗效果，需要提高对营养状况以及能量和营养素摄入量的认识。
在门诊临床环境中，验证 HF 患者的营养状况，并评估其能量、宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入的充足性。
我们收集了 125 名患者（72%为男性，52.1±9.8 岁，BMI 26.9±4.4kg/m2）的人体测量学和习惯性饮食摄入数据。对男女两性的人体测量学变量进行了比较，并根据现行建议分析了能量和营养素摄入的充足性。
38.4%的患者存在肌肉消耗或消耗风险（与男性性别相关，p<0.0001）。69.6%的病例平均能量摄入量低于所需量（p<0.0001）。在所评估的微量营养素中，镁、锌、铁和硫胺素的摄入量不足的情况较为普遍，大多数患者的钙和钾摄入量低于适宜水平，而钠摄入量高于适宜水平。
HF 门诊患者存在肌肉消耗以及能量和营养素摄入不足的情况。习惯性饮食能量摄入与营养状况之间没有显著关联。应鼓励多学科护理，以更好地评估这些患者的整体状况。
