Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Zemedelská, Brno, Czech Republic.
Electrophoresis. 2010 Jan;31(2):421-31. doi: 10.1002/elps.200900477.
Cadmium (Cd) is classified as a serious pollutant due to its high toxicity, high carcinogenicity, and widespread presence in the environment. Phytoremediation represents an effective low-cost approach for removing pollutants from contaminated soils, and a crop with significant phytoremediation potential is flax. However, significant differences in Cd accumulation and tolerance were previously found among commercial flax cultivars. Notably, cv. Jitka showed substantially higher tolerance to elevated Cd levels in soil and plant tissues than cv. Tábor. Here, significant changes in the expression of 14 proteins (related to disease/defense, metabolism, protein destination and storage, signal transduction, energy and cell structure) were detected by image and mass spectrometric analysis of two-dimensionally separated proteins extracted from Cd-treated cell suspension cultures derived from these contrasting cultivars. Further, two proteins, ferritin and glutamine synthetase (a key enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis), were only up-regulated by Cd in cv. Jitka, indicating that Cd tolerance mechanisms in this cultivar may include maintenance of low Cd levels at sensitive sites by ferritin and low-molecular weight thiol peptides binding Cd. The identified changes could facilitate marker-assisted breeding for Cd tolerance and the development of transgenic flax lines with enhanced Cd tolerance and accumulation capacities for phytoremediating Cd-contaminated soils.
镉（Cd）因其毒性高、致癌性高且在环境中广泛存在而被归类为严重污染物。植物修复是一种从污染土壤中去除污染物的有效低成本方法，而具有显著植物修复潜力的作物是亚麻。然而，先前在商业亚麻品种中发现了对镉积累和耐受性的显著差异。值得注意的是，与 cv. Tábor 相比，cv. Jitka 对土壤和植物组织中升高的 Cd 水平表现出明显更高的耐受性。在这里，通过对来自这些对比品种的镉处理细胞悬浮培养物中提取的二维分离蛋白进行图像和质谱分析，检测到 14 种蛋白质（与疾病/防御、代谢、蛋白质去向和储存、信号转导、能量和细胞结构有关）的表达发生了显著变化。此外，在 cv. Jitka 中，只有 ferritin 和谷氨酰胺合成酶（谷胱甘肽生物合成的关键酶）这两种蛋白被 Cd 上调，这表明该品种的 Cd 耐受性机制可能包括通过 ferritin 和低分子量巯基肽结合 Cd 来维持敏感部位的低 Cd 水平。所鉴定的变化可以促进 Cd 耐受性的标记辅助选择，并开发具有增强的 Cd 耐受性和积累能力的转基因亚麻系，用于植物修复 Cd 污染土壤。
