Terrell T, Hough D O, Alexander R
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 1996 Nov;24(11):76-89. doi: 10.3810/psm.1996.11.1308.
Exercise-related allergies vary from the benign rash of cholinergic urticaria to life-threatening exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Rapid diagnosis is essential, but it can be difficult to tell the two conditions apart. The size of the wheals and the patient history provide the best clues. Giving epinephrine and taking steps to protect the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation are standard treatment for exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Effective management for less severe cases involves exercising with a partner, keeping self-injectable epinephrine on hand, and avoiding exercise before and after meals. Prophylactic antihistamines are more effective for cholinergic urticaria than for exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
与运动相关的过敏反应多种多样，从良性的胆碱能性荨麻疹皮疹到危及生命的运动诱发过敏反应。快速诊断至关重要，但区分这两种情况可能很困难。风团的大小和患者病史提供了最佳线索。给予肾上腺素并采取措施保护患者的气道、呼吸和循环是运动诱发过敏反应的标准治疗方法。对于不太严重的病例，有效的管理措施包括与同伴一起运动、随时准备好自动注射肾上腺素以及避免在饭前饭后运动。预防性使用抗组胺药对胆碱能性荨麻疹比对运动诱发过敏反应更有效。
