Smith A D
University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 1996 Jul;24(7):67-86. doi: 10.3810/psm.1996.07.1407.
The female athlete triad of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis affects women and girls in many sports, but the messages conveyed to those in "appearance" sports like gymnastics may play a role. Because the triad may result in irreversible bone loss and death, early detection is imperative. Friends, parents, coaches, and physicians can be alert to behaviors like eating alone, trips to the bathroom during or after meals, and the use of laxatives. Other signs and symptoms of the female athlete triad may include fatigue, anemia, depression, cold intolerance, lanugo, and eroded tooth enamel from frequent vomiting. Multidisciplinary treatment typically involves education, determining contributing factors, restoring adequate nutrition, and prescribing estrogen therapy when appropriate.
饮食紊乱、闭经和骨质疏松的女性运动员三联征影响着许多运动项目中的女性和女孩，但传递给从事体操等“外观”类运动项目人群的信息可能起到了一定作用。由于三联征可能导致不可逆转的骨质流失甚至死亡，早期检测至关重要。朋友、父母、教练和医生可以留意诸如独自用餐、用餐期间或之后去卫生间以及使用泻药等行为。女性运动员三联征的其他体征和症状可能包括疲劳、贫血、抑郁、不耐寒、胎毛以及因频繁呕吐导致的牙釉质侵蚀。多学科治疗通常包括教育、确定促成因素、恢复充足营养以及在适当的时候开具雌激素疗法。
